Small blast furnace for melting scrap iron without reduction reactions
A small cupola furnace in operation at Wayne State University, in Detroit, Michigan.
A cupola or cupola furnace is a melting device used in foundries that can be used to melt cast iron, Ni-resist iron and some bronzes. The cupola can be made almost any practical size. The size of a cupola is expressed in diameters and can range from 1.5 to 13 feet (0.5 to 4.0 m).[1] The overall shape is cylindrical and the equipment is arranged vertically, usually supported by four legs. The overall look is similar to a large smokestack.
The bottom of the cylinder is fitted with doors which swing down and out to 'drop bottom'. The top where gases escape can be open or fitted with a cap to prevent rain from entering the cupola. To control emissions a cupola may be fitted with a cap that is designed to pull the gases into a device to cool the gases and remove particulate matter.
The shell of the cupola, being usually made of steel, has refractory brick and plastic[note 1] refractory patching material lining it. The bottom is lined in a similar manner but often a clay and sand mixture ("bod") may be used, as this lining is temporary. Finely divided coal ("sea coal") can be mixed with the clay lining so when heated the coal decomposes and the bod becomes slightly friable, easing the opening up of the tap holes.[3] The bottom lining is compressed or 'rammed' against the bottom doors. Some cupolas are fitted with cooling jackets to keep the sides cool and with oxygen injection to make the coke fire burn hotter.
^Larsen, E. D.; Clark, D. E.; Moore, K. L.; King, P. E. (June 1997). Intelligent Control of Cupola Melting(PDF). Australia-Pacific forum on intelligent processing and manufacturing of materials. Syndney, Australia.
^Naval Marine Engineering Practice. Vol. 1. Royal Navy, via HMSO. 1971 [1959]. ISBN 978-0-11-770223-3.
^Kirk, Edward (1899). "Cupola management". Cupola Furnace - A Practical Treatise on the Construction and Management of Foundry Cupolas. Philadelphia, PA: Baird. p. 95. OCLC 2884198.
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A cupola or cupolafurnace is a melting device used in foundries that can be used to melt cast iron, Ni-resist iron and some bronzes. The cupola can be...
blast furnace and cast iron. In China, blast furnaces produced cast iron, which was then either converted into finished implements in a cupolafurnace, or...
of the foundry cupolafurnace, which was a kind of small blast furnace, and a quite different species from the reverberatory furnace.[citation needed]...
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tongue Copulas in signal processing Copulation (zoology) Cupola, an architectural term Cupolafurnace, a foundry device Cupula (disambiguation) Cupule (disambiguation)...
due to the national recession, and land title litigation. In 1817, a cupolafurnace was added to resmelt pig iron into cast iron to sand cast sash weights...
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ovens, and erected them at the furnace which was known as the 'Cupolafurnace,' 11 feet bosh by 45 feet high. The furnace was blown in, February 5, 1837;...
Evidence suggests that blast furnaces, that convert raw iron ore into pig iron, which can be remelted in a cupolafurnace to produce cast iron by means...
be melted. An alternative to the electric furnace is to melt the pre-reduction with a fuel. The cupolafurnace is ideally suited to this task, but since...
blast furnace and cast iron. In China, blast furnaces produced cast iron, which was then either converted into finished implements in a cupolafurnace, or...
it. Modern furnace types include electric arc furnaces (EAF), induction furnaces, cupolas, reverberatory, and crucible furnaces. Furnace choice is dependent...
blast furnaces for hard lead or rotary reverberatory furnaces for fine particles. The blast furnace is similar in structure to a cupolafurnace used in...
Du Shi (d. 38 AD) to operate the bellows of a blast furnace to make pig iron, and the cupolafurnace to make cast iron. Zhang invented a seismometer device...
power of waterwheels to operate the bellows of a blast furnace to make pig iron, and the cupolafurnace to make cast iron. Zhang provided a valuable description...
at the base of the furnace as a ‘bloom’. Sponge iron either could be ‘worked’ to create wrought iron or melted in a cupolafurnace to make cast-iron products...
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Taylor Mansion (c. 1880), a creamery building, a shed with a cupola, a log-and-stone furnace boarding house (c. 1800), a miller's house (c. 1820), a fire...
technology. Around 1820, however, Moses Teague, whilst borrowing the cupolafurnace at Darkhill Ironworks, discovered a way to make good iron from local...
failure of three early furnaces within a decade of them opening. Around 1820 Moses Teague, whilst borrowing the cupolafurnace at Darkhill Ironworks,...
whose greatest achievement was the application of the reverberatory furnace (cupola) to smelting lead and copper, and to remelting pig iron for foundry...
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