Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. Crustose adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. Crustose is found on rocks and tree bark.[1] Some species of marine algae of the Rhodophyta, in particular members of the order Corallinales, family Corallinaceae, subfamily Melobesioideae with cell walls containing calcium carbonate grow to great depths in the intertidal zone, forming crusts on various substrates.[2] The substrate can be rocks throughout the intertidal zone, or, as in the case of the Corallinales, reef-building corals, and other living organisms including plants, such as mangroves and animals such as shelled molluscs. The coralline red algae are major members of coral reef communities, cementing the corals together with their crusts. Among the brown algae, the order Ralfsiales comprises two families of crustose algae.[3]
^Biology Lab Manual 1110. ISBN 9781285111230.
^Lee, Robert Edward (2008). Phycology (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521682770.
^Lim, P.-E.; M. Sakaguchi; T. Hanyuda; K. Kogame; S.-M. Phang; H. Kawai (2007). "Molecular phylogeny of crustose brown algae (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae) inferred from rbcL sequences resulting in the proposal for Neoralfsiaceae fam. nov". Phycologia. 46 (4): 456–466. doi:10.2216/06-90.1. S2CID 51999619.
Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. Crustose...
Crustose lichens are lichens that form a crust which strongly adheres to the substrate (soil, rock, tree bark, etc.), making separation from the substrate...
adhering tightly to a surface (substrate) like a thick coat of paint (crustose); have a powder-like appearance (leprose); or other growth forms. A macrolichen...
secondary thallus. A lichen with a two-fold growth form that includes both a crustose, squamulose, or foliose form and a fruticose form; the thallus differentiates...
coloration of this amphipod matches the coloration of the hermit crab and the Crustose rhodophycean algae which commonly grows in their shells. Specimens of P...
limosum, commonly known as lime-loving tarpaper lichen, is a species of crustose to subfoliose lichen in the family Collemataceae. This unique lichen species...
called the prothallus. It is typically white, brown, or black in colour. In crustose lichens, the prothallus is visible between areoles and on the growing thallus...
larvae often need a biological cue to induce settlement such as specific crustose coralline algae species or microbial biofilms. High failure rates afflict...
either leaf-like (foliose), bushy or shrub-like (fruticose), or crust-like (crustose). These lichens typically partner with a photosynthetic companion (a photobiont)...
of leaves (foliose lichens); others cover the substrate like a crust (crustose lichens) (illustration, right), others such as the genus Ramalina adopt...
Thelomma ocellatum is a crustose lichen inactive species that belonged to the family Caliciaceae. It was first described by Körber and later reassigned...
Diorygma antillarum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It is common and widespread in the Neotropical...
listed in List of seaweeds of South Africa. These exclude phytoplankton and crustose corallines. 669 marine species from California (US) 642 in the check-list...
Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii). Epiphytes such as crustose lichens and mosses are common sights on Douglas-firs. As it is only moderately...
branches. areolate Having or being composed of areoles, as an areolate crustose lichen. areole 1. A space between the threads of a net, e.g. that part...
for red rocks) are colorful, unattached calcareous nodules, composed of crustose, benthic marine red algae that resemble coral. Rhodolith beds create biogenic...
Dendrographa austrosorediata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described...
Krustflechten" [On the biological relationships of the thallus of some crustose lichens]. Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen (in German). 2: 123–200. From...
Minium is a genus of thalloid algae. The thalli take a crustose form. The only species currently recognised is Minium parvum. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M....
Lecanora markjohnstonii is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in the southern Appalachian Mountain region of the United States...
Graphis scripta is a crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It is commonly called script lichen, secret writing lichen, or similar names, because...
Phlyctis argena is a species of crustose lichen. Phlyctis argena has a thin crustose thallus that is white, greyish or green-grey in colour. The identification...
Neoprotoparmelia capensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally...
Lecanora lichexanthoxylina is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Maracaju Mountain Range in Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil)...
Ramboldia blochiana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Ramboldiaceae. The species is characterized by a sorediate...
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