In theoretical physics, a continuous spin particle (CSP), sometimes called an infinite spin particle, is a massless particle never observed before in nature. This particle is one of Poincaré group's massless representations which, along with ordinary massless particles, was classified by Eugene Wigner in 1939.[1] Historically, a compatible theory that could describe this elementary particle was unknown; however, 75 years after Wigner's classification, the first local action principle for bosonic continuous spin particles was introduced in 2014,[2] and the first local action principle for fermionic continuous spin particles was suggested in 2015.[3] It has been illustrated that this particle can interact with matter in flat spacetime.[4][5] Supersymmetric continuous spin gauge theory has been studied in three[6] and four[7][8] spacetime dimensions.
In condensed matter systems, CSPs can be understood as massless generalizations of the anyon.[9]
^Wigner, E. (1939). "On Unitary Representations of the Inhomogeneous Lorentz Group". Annals of Mathematics. 40 (1): 149–204. Bibcode:1939AnMat..40..149W. doi:10.2307/1968551. ISSN 0003-486X. JSTOR 1968551.
^Schuster, Philip; Toro, Natalia (23 January 2015). "Continuous-spin particle field theory with helicity correspondence". Physical Review D. 91 (2): 025023. Bibcode:2015PhRvD..91b5023S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.91.025023.
^Bekaert, Xavier; Najafizadeh, Mojtaba; Setare, M.R. (10 September 2016). "A gauge field theory of fermionic continuous-spin particles". Physics Letters B. 760: 320–323. arXiv:1506.00973. Bibcode:2016PhLB..760..320B. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2016.07.005. ISSN 0370-2693. S2CID 119120293.
^Metsaev, R. R. (29 November 2017). "Cubic interaction vertices for continuous-spin fields and arbitrary spin massive fields". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2017 (11): 197. arXiv:1709.08596. Bibcode:2017JHEP...11..197M. doi:10.1007/JHEP11(2017)197. ISSN 1029-8479. S2CID 119208687.
^Bekaert, Xavier; Mourad, Jihad; Najafizadeh, Mojtaba (20 November 2017). "Continuous-spin field propagator and interaction with matter". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2017 (11): 113. arXiv:1710.05788. Bibcode:2017JHEP...11..113B. doi:10.1007/JHEP11(2017)113. ISSN 1029-8479. S2CID 119482451.
^Zinoviev, Yurii M. (2017). "Infinite Spin Fields in d = 3 and Beyond". Universe. 3 (3): 63. arXiv:1707.08832. Bibcode:2017Univ....3...63Z. doi:10.3390/universe3030063. S2CID 2442288.
^Buchbinder, I.L.; Khabarov, M.V.; Snegirev, T.V.; Zinoviev, Yu.M. (1 September 2019). "Lagrangian formulation for the infinite spin N = 1 supermultiplets in d = 4". Nuclear Physics B. 946: 114717. arXiv:1904.05580. Bibcode:2019NuPhB.94614717B. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2019.114717. ISSN 0550-3213. S2CID 118982636.
^Najafizadeh, Mojtaba (4 March 2020). "Supersymmetric continuous spin gauge theory". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2020 (3): 27. arXiv:1912.12310. Bibcode:2020JHEP...03..027N. doi:10.1007/JHEP03(2020)027. ISSN 1029-8479. S2CID 209515928.
^Schuster, Philip; Toro, Natalia (April 2015). "A new class of particle in 2 + 1 dimensions". Physics Letters B. 743: 224–227. arXiv:1404.1076. Bibcode:2015PhLB..743..224S. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.050.
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