In lithostratigraphy, coal measures are coal-bearing strata, with the term typically applied to European units of the Upper Carboniferous System.
In the United Kingdom, the term is equivalent to regional components of the Westphalian-age Coal Measures Group. The group records the deposition of fluvio-deltaic sediments which consists mainly of clastic rocks (claystones, shales, siltstones, sandstones, conglomerates) interstratified with the beds of coal. In most places, the coal measures are underlain by coarser clastic sequences known as Millstone Grit, of Namurian age. The top of the coal measures may be marked by an unconformity, the overlying rocks being Permian or later in age. In some parts of Britain, however, the coal measures grade up into mainly coal-barren red beds of late Westphalian and possibly Stephanian age.[1][2] Within the Pennine Basin, these barren measures are now referred to as the Warwickshire Group, from the district where they achieve their thickest development.[3]
The coal measures formed during Westphalian and earliest Stephanian times in the European ('Heerlen') chronostratigraphical scheme (which is approximately equivalent to the Middle Pennsylvanian Series of the IUGS global chronostratigraphical scheme).
^Rayner, D H; Hemingway, J E (1974), The Geology and Mineral Resources Of Yorkshire, Leeds: Yorkshire Geological Society
^Edwards, W; Trotter, F M (1954), The Pennines and Adjacent Areas, British Regional Geology (Third ed.), London: HMSO. Natural Environment Research Council
^Powell, J.; Chisholm, J.; Bridge, D.; Rees, J.; Glover, B.W.; Besly, B.M. (2000). "Stratigraphical framework for Westphalian to Early Permian red-bed successions of the Pennine Basin" (PDF). British Geological Survey Research Report. RR/00/01. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
In lithostratigraphy, coalmeasures are coal-bearing strata, with the term typically applied to European units of the Upper Carboniferous System. In the...
The CoalMeasures Group is a lithostratigraphical term coined to refer to the coal-bearing succession of rock strata which occur in the United Kingdom...
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Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of...
Newcastle CoalMeasures is a major geologic formation in eastern Australia. Found in the Sydney Basin and Lachlan Orogen, this stratum is up to 1200 metres...
Justified Measure (typography), line length in characters per line Coalmeasures, the coal-bearing part of the Upper Carboniferous System The Measure (SA)...
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coal seams worked in the South Yorkshire Coalfield lie mainly in the middle coalmeasures within what is now formally referred to as the Pennine Coal...
(1994). Plant Fossils of the British CoalMeasures. The Palaeontological Association. ISBN 0-901702-53-6. Coal forest. Department of Earth and Environmental...
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The Scottish CoalMeasures Group is a lithostratigraphic unit referring to the coal-bearing succession of rock strata which occur in Scotland during the...
witness to this period. In South Wales, the CoalMeasures are overlain by the thick sandstones of the Pennant Measures which often provides craggy edges to the...
limestones, gritstones and coalmeasures reappear in the far south of Derbyshire from Ticknall (limestone) to Swadlincote (coalmeasures). Some areas of the...
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originating from the Carboniferous coalmeasures. The first trigonotarbid was described in 1837 from the coalmeasures of Coalbrookdale in England by the...
Meganeura were first discovered in Late Carboniferous (Stephanian) CoalMeasures of Commentry, France in 1880. In 1885, French paleontologist Charles...
coal-producer in the 21st century. The principal coal seams within the productive Lower and Middle CoalMeasures include (in stratigraphic order i.e. youngest/uppermost...
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geologist Richard Kirwan in 1799 and later used in a heading entitled "Coal-measures or Carboniferous Strata" by John Farey Sr. in 1811. Four units were...
which are outcrops of the Marros Group strata and the lower and middle CoalMeasures, extending west to the shores of St Brides Bay. The most extensive outcrop...
the coalfield consists of the coal seams of the Upper, Middle and Lower CoalMeasures, layers of sandstones, shales and coal of varying thickness, which...
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in North East Derbyshire, England, which includes Dronfield Woodhouse and Coal Aston. It lies in the valley of the River Drone between Chesterfield and...
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