Global InformationClimate change in Bangladesh information
Climate change is a critical issue in Bangladesh[1] as the country is one of the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change.[2][3] In the 2020 edition of Germanwatch's Climate Risk Index, it ranked seventh in the list of countries most affected by climate calamities during the period 1999–2018.[4] Bangladesh's vulnerability to the effects of climate change is due to a combination of geographical factors, such as its flat, low-lying, and delta-exposed topography,[5] and socio-economic factors, including its high population density, levels of poverty, and dependence on agriculture.[6] The impacts and potential threats include sea level rise, temperature rise, food crises, droughts, floods, and cyclones.[7]
Factors such as frequent natural disasters, lack of infrastructure, high population density (174 million people living in an area of 147,570 km2 [8]), an extractivist economy and social disparities are increasing the vulnerability of the country in facing the current changing climatic conditions. Almost every year large regions of Bangladesh suffer from more intense events like cyclones, floods and erosion. The mentioned adverse events are slowing the development of the country by bringing socio-economical and environmental systems to almost collapse.[8]
Natural hazards that come from increased rainfall, rising sea levels, and tropical cyclones are expected to increase as the climate changes, each seriously affecting agriculture, water and food security, human health, and shelter.[9]
Sea levels in Bangladesh are predicted to rise by up to 0.30 metres by 2050, resulting in the displacement of 0.9 million people, and by up to 0.74 metres by 2100, resulting in the displacement of 2.1 million people.[10]
To address the sea level rise threat in Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 was launched in 2018.[11][12] The government of Bangladesh is working on a range of specific climate change adaptation strategies. Climate Change adaptation plays a crucial role in fostering the country's development.[13] This is already being considered as a synergic urgent action together with other pressing factors which impede higher growth rates (such as the permanent threat of shocks – natural, economic or political – the uncertain impact of globalization, and an imbalanced world trade).[14] As of 2020, it was seen falling short of most of its initial targets, still leaving 80 million people at risk of flooding where it should have been reduced to 60 million people.[15] The progress is being monitored.[16]
- ^ Biplob, Karamot Ullah (18 September 2023). "Climate change – the biggest threat to Bangladesh". The Daily Messenger. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ Kulp, Scott A.; Strauss, Benjamin H. (2019-10-29). "New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4844. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4844K. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6820795. PMID 31664024.
- ^ "Report: Flooded Future: Global vulnerability to sea level rise worse than previously understood". climatecentral.org. 2019-10-29. Archived from the original on 2019-11-02. Retrieved 2019-11-03.
- ^ Kreft, Sönke; David Eckstein, David; Melchior, Inga (December 2019). Global Climate Risk Index 2020 (PDF). Bonn: Germanwatch e.V. ISBN 978-3-943704-77-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ Ayers, Jessica; Huq, Saleemul; Wright, Helena; Faisal, Arif M.; Hussain, Syed Tanveer (2014-10-02). "Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into development in Bangladesh". Climate and Development. 6 (4): 293–305. Bibcode:2014CliDe...6..293A. doi:10.1080/17565529.2014.977761. ISSN 1756-5529.
- ^ Thomas TS, Mainuddin K, Chiang C, Rahman A, Haque A, Islam N, Quasem S, Sun Y (2013). Agriculture and Adaptation in Bangladesh: Current and Projected Impacts of Climate Change (PDF) (Report). IFPRI. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
- ^ Mahmood, Shakeel Ahmed Ibne (May 2012). "Impact of Climate Change in Bangladesh: The Role of Public Administration and Government's Integrity". Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment.
- ^ a b "Bangladesh Population 2018 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)". worldpopulationreview.com. Archived from the original on 2018-06-22. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
- ^ Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan, 2008 (PDF). Ministry of Environment and Forests Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 2008. ISBN 978-984-8574-25-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2009.
- ^ Davis, Kyle Frankel; Bhattachan, Abinash; D’Odorico, Paolo; Suweis, Samir (2018-06-01). "A universal model for predicting human migration under climate change: examining future sea level rise in Bangladesh". Environmental Research Letters. 13 (6): 064030. Bibcode:2018ERL....13f4030F. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac4d4. hdl:11577/3286060. ISSN 1748-9326.
- ^ "Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 | Dutch Water Sector". www.dutchwatersector.com (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2023-05-13. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
- ^ "Bangladesh Delta Plan (BDP) 2100" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2019-10-11.
- ^ Sasidhar, Nallapaneni (May 2023). "Multipurpose Freshwater Coastal Reservoirs and Their Role in Mitigating Climate Change" (PDF). Indian Journal of Environment Engineering. 3 (1): 30–45. doi:10.54105/ijee.A1842.053123. ISSN 2582-9289. S2CID 258753397. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-11. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
- ^ "About Bangladesh". UNDP in Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 2018-07-09. Retrieved 2018-07-12.
- ^ "Delta Plan falls behind targets at onset". 5 September 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
- ^ "Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 Formulation project". Archived from the original on 2016-11-17. Retrieved 2021-04-26.