Regierungsbezirk of the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Free State of Bavaria
1816–1946
Coat of arms
Capital
Speyer
Area transferred
• 1920
Saarpfalz-Kreis to Saar Basin
History
• Treaty of Munich
1 May 1816
• Palatine uprising
1 May 1849
• Occupation of the Rhineland
1 December 1918
• Establishment of Territory of the Saar Basin
10 January 1920
• Establishment of Rhineland-Palatinate
30 August 1946
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Austrian Empire
Rhineland-Palatinate
Saar Protectorate
The Circle of the Rhine[1] or Rhine Circle (German: Rheinkreis), sometimes the Bavarian Rheinkreis (Bayerischer Rheinkreis or Baierischer Rheinkreis), was the name given to the territory on the west bank of the Rhine from 1816 to 1837 which was one of 15 (later 8) administrative districts of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Before the French revolutionary wars (1792) most of the land had belonged to the Electoral Palatinate. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815 it was initially promised to the Austrian Empire after having been under a provisional joint Austro-Bavarian administration since 1814. However, in the Treaty of Munich (1816), Austria relinquished the territory to Bavaria.
In 1837, the Circle of the Rhine was renamed the Palatinate (Pfalz).[2][3] It was also referred to as the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz).[4] The territory remained Bavarian until 30 August 1946, with the exception of the area detached in 1920, which roughly corresponded to the present day Saarpfalz-Kreis. It then became part of the newly formed federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
^Universal Geography: Or a Description of All Parts of the World, Vol. 5 by Conrad Malte-Brun. Retrieved 12 Aug 2014.
^Königl. allerhöchste Verordnung, die Eintheilung des Königreichs Bayern betreffend, dated 29 November 1837. In Regierungs-Blatt für das Königreich Bayern, 58/1837 (Online)
^Encyclopædia Britannica: Or, Dictionary of Arts..., Vol. 8; Vol 16 (1858). Retrieved 12 Aug 2014.
^Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Wagener: Staats- und Gesellschafts-Lexikon, F. Heinicke, 1867, S. 140 (Online)
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done under the First Republic were undone. From those territories, the Bavarian CircleoftheRhine (Rheinkreis) and the Hessian province of Rhenish Hesse...
TheRhine (/raɪn/ RYNE) is one ofthe major European rivers. The river begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps. It forms...
TheCircleofRhine Party (German: Rheinkreispartei; French: Parti du Cercle du Rhin) was a political party in Switzerland led by Josef Jäger. The party...
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four ofthe seven prince-electors whose lands along the Middle Rhine comprised the vast majority of its territory. Thecircle was made up ofthe following...
states ofthe Swiss Confederacy nor the lands ofthe Alsace region west oftheRhine, which belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle. The Swabian League of 1488...
(Rhine Province after 1822), the Bavarian CircleoftheRhine or the Hessian Rhenish Hesse. However, a small area between the Prussian and Bavarian parts...
Prince Rupert oftheRhine, Duke of Cumberland, KG, PC, FRS (17 December 1619 (O.S.) [27 December 1619 (N.S.)] – 29 November 1682 (O.S.) [9 December 1682...
1815, the majority ofthe Palatinate was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Baden, with the remainder becoming theCircleoftheRhine. On Duke Otto II's death...
The Naumann Circle (German: Naumann-Kreis), also sometimes referred to as the Gauleiter Circle or the Naumann Affair, was an organization of former German...
the 1941 play Watch on theRhine by Lillian Hellman. Watch on theRhine was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture and Paul Lukas won the Academy...
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Ludwigshafen in the Bavarian CircleoftheRhine, complemented by 28 smaller agencies. On 1 January 1935, as a consequence of a reform that terminated all...
Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine from 13 June 1877 until her death in 1878 as the wife of Grand Duke Louis IV. She was the third child and second daughter of Queen...
Bexbach was in theCircleoftheRhine (Rheinkreis) ofthe Kingdom of Bavaria. It was put into operation together with Homburg Hauptbahnhof and the Palatine...
Throughout the 13th to 14th centuries, it was the "chief city" oftheRhine, Westphalia, and the Netherlands Circleofthe Hanseatic League. During the Thirty...
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A circleof stars often represents unity, solidarity and harmony in flags, seals and signs, and is also seen in iconographic motifs related to the Woman...
The Black Horror on theRhine was a moral panic aroused in Weimar Germany and elsewhere concerning allegations of widespread crimes, especially sexual...
Württemberg signed the treaty founding the South German Customs Union on 18 January 1828. From 20 December 1829, theCircleoftheRhine (the large Bavarian...
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