Chula Sakarat or Chulasakarat (Pali: Culāsakaraj; Burmese: ကောဇာသက္ကရာဇ်, pronounced[kɔ́zàθɛʔkəɹɪʔ]; Khmer: ចុល្លសករាជ, ALA-LC: Cullasakarāj; Thai: จุลศักราช, RTGS: Chunlasakkarat, pronounced[t͡ɕūn.lā.sàk.kā.ràːt], abbrv. จ.ศ. Choso) is a lunisolar calendar derived from the Burmese calendar, whose variants were in use by most mainland Southeast Asian kingdoms down to the late 19th century. The calendar is largely based on an older version of the Hindu calendar though unlike the Indian systems, it employs a version of the Metonic cycle. The calendar therefore has to reconcile the sidereal years of the Hindu calendar with Metonic cycle's tropical years by adding intercalary months and intercalary days on irregular intervals.
Although the name Culāsakaraj is a generic term meaning "Lesser Era" in Pali, the term Chula Sakarat is often associated with the various versions of the calendar used in regions that make up modern-day Thailand, Laos, Kampuchea, Myanmar and the Sipsong Panna area of China.[1] In Thailand, it is only used in academia for Thai history studies.
dates are lunisolar calendar dates, and should follow then prevailing ChulaSakarat calendar. The Thai calendar (and the month names) did not get realigned...
Southeast Asian kingdoms down to the 19th century under the names of ChulaSakarat and Jolak Sakaraj. The Burmese calendar in turn was based on the "original"...
(vulgar in the classical sense). The vulgar or minor era (จุลศักราช, chulasakarat) was thought to have been instituted when the worship of Gautama was...
assumed that the city was Tak or Nakhon Chai Si): 29 set the new era, ChulaSakarat in 638 CE, which was the era used by the Siamese and the Burmese until...
with an epochal year 0 date of 22 March 638; from which derived CS for ChulaSakarat era; variously known as LE Lesser Era; ME Minor Era – the Major or Great...
(Bangkok) on 20 March, the last of the fourth month of the year 1194 CS (ChulaSakarat). This treaty, with later modifications, is still in force. Dan Beach...
in 1913 to replace the Rattanakosin Era, which in turn replaced the ChulaSakarat in 1889. The reckoning of the Buddhist Era in Thailand is 543 years...
for Muslims. March 22 – Year 0 of the Burmese calendar, based on the ChulaSakarat, is also used in the mainland of Southeast Asia. October 12 – Pope Honorius...
Kakabatr, is believed to have also come from Takkasila and established the ChulaSakarat era in 638 CE,: 22 which was used by the Siamese and Burmese until...
procession, and musical fanfares. Rattana Gosa newsletter Issue of ChulaSakarat 1239 (1877 AD), reign of King Chulalongkorn, written as Songkran.: 34 ...
replaced by the European Julian and as of 1582 the Gregorian calendar. ChulaSakarat lunisolar Burmese 16th century Southeast Asia Gregorian calendar solar...
assumed that the city was Tak or Nakhon Chai Si): 29 set the new era, ChulaSakarat in 638 CE, which was the era used by the Siamese and the Burmese until...
2008-08-20 at the Wayback Machine – last changed 10 January 2002. How ChulaSakarat Dates Work in Thailand: article for stamp collectors recovered 20 December...
(5th day of the waxing moon in the 8th month of the 910th year of the ChulaSakarat Era): Yotfa, the 13-year-old ruler of the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Thailand...
prefaces of the laws. The era used for the dating of each text is in ChulaSakarat, many of these dates have clearly been corrupted during copying. In...
(5th day of the waxing moon in the 8th month of the 910th year of the ChulaSakarat Era): Yotfa, the 13-year-old ruler of the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Thailand...
for Muslims. March 22 – Year 0 of the Burmese calendar, based on the ChulaSakarat, is also used in the mainland of Southeast Asia. October 12 – Pope Honorius...
assumed that the city was Tak or Nakhon Chai Si): 29 set the new era, ChulaSakarat in 638 CE. His son, King Kalavarnadishraj founded the city a decade...
of Wat Bangkae Yai. On the wall, it says "On a Sunday in May in 1173 ChulaSakarat, Chao Phraya Surasak (Governor Samuhapraklaopm) and wife built this...
6th day of the week (Friday), 7th day of the waxing moon, 5th month, ChulaSakarat 1109 [1747/8 CE], year of the rabbit, ninth of the decade, this copy...
Siamese laws from official manuscripts of the Law Code of 1805 (1166 ChulaSakarat) promulgated in the first reign of the Chakkri dynasty, under the Three...
agreement with the Department of Education. This occurred during the era of ChulaSakarat 1247 corresponding to Rattanakosin Era 104 or B.E. 2428. The name “Wat...
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