Maitreyanism, Pure Land Buddhism, Taoism, White Lotus[1]
Chinese Manichaeism, also known as Monijiao (Chinese: 摩尼教; pinyin: Móníjiào; Wade–Giles: Mo2-ni2 Chiao4; lit. 'religion of Moni') or Mingjiao (Chinese: 明教; pinyin: Míngjiào; Wade–Giles: Ming2-Chiao4; lit. 'religion of light or 'bright religion'), is the form of Manichaeism transmitted to and currently practiced in China. Chinese Manichaeism rose to prominence during the Tang dynasty and despite frequent persecutions, it has continued long after the other forms of Manichaeism were eradicated in the West.[2] The most complete set of surviving Manichaean writings were written in Chinese sometime before the 9th century and were found in the Mogao Caves among the Dunhuang manuscripts.[3]
Chinese Manichaeism represents a set of teachings with the purpose of inducing awakening (佛; fó), and it is a dualistic religion that believes in the eternal fight between the principles of good/light and evil/darkness, the former being represented by a God known as Shangdi, Míngzūn (明尊; 'Radiant Lord') or Zhēnshén (真神; 'True God'). Salvation is delivered by the Living Spirit (淨活風; Jìnghuófēng) of God, of whom there have been many manifestations in human form, including Mani (摩尼; Móní).[2]
^"Monijiao Manichaeism in China". 2012.
^ abDr. Char Yar. "Monijiao (Manichaeism) in China". academia.edu. Lecture presented at the Worldwide Conference for Historical Research, 2012.
ChineseManichaeism, also known as Monijiao (Chinese: 摩尼教; pinyin: Móníjiào; Wade–Giles: Mo2-ni2 Chiao4; lit. 'religion of Moni') or Mingjiao (Chinese:...
Manichaeism (/ˌmænɪˈkiːɪzəm/; in New Persian آیینِ مانی Āyīn-e Mānī; Chinese: 摩尼教; pinyin: Móníjiào) is a former major world religion, founded in the 3rd...
Giovanni Verardi notes that Manichaeism is the prime source for comparisons between Buddhism and Gnosticism, Manichaeism representing "the same urban...
center of Manichaeism permanently shifted to Khorasan. Letters from Khorasan show the Miqlāsiyya-Mihriyya schism was still strong in 880. Manichaeism, following...
a Christian reading of Manichaeism that dominated early studies of this religion. Today, opinions on the origin of Manichaeism are divided into two opposing...
In Manichaeism, Zarathustra is considered one of the four prophets of the faith, along with Buddha, Jesus and Mani. Mani believed that the teachings of...
the Pure Land school. Through this close interaction Manichaeism had profound influence on Chinese Maitreyan Buddhist sects within the Pure Land tradition...
early 8th century, Manichaeism became the official religion of the Uyghur Khaganate. As Uyghurs were traditional allies of the Chinese, also supporting...
and were integrated into ChineseManichaeism. Thousands of years of the development of Chinese mythology has resulted in Chinese mythology in popular culture...
Marcus Marcosians Florinus Persian Gnosticism Mani ManichaeismChinese Gnosticism ChineseManichaeism Islamic Gnosticism Druze Nusayrism Modern Modern schools...
and Manichaeism. The "three Persian religions" include: Zoroastrianism (xiān-jiào 祆教) Christian Church of the East (jǐng-jiào 景教) Manichaeism (míng-jiào...
disappearance from the Chinese territory. Another Persian religion, Manichaeism, also entered China, where it was localised as ChineseManichaeism. It suffered...
"Worthy"), also known as the Book of Pictures, was one of the holy books of Manichaeism. It was written and illustrated by its prophet, Mani, in Syriac, with...
Manichaeism has a rich tradition of visual art, starting with Mani himself writing the Book of Pictures. One of Mani's primary beliefs was that the arts...
"Religion of Mani") were used in China during the Song dynasty to describe the faith practiced by Chinese adherents of Manichaeism such as the White Lotus. Cha...
Marcus Marcosians Florinus Persian Gnosticism Mani ManichaeismChinese Gnosticism ChineseManichaeism Islamic Gnosticism Druze Nusayrism Modern Modern schools...
development of Gnostic and other religious groups in late antiquity [e.g. Manichaeism, Valentianism].: 109 During the 9th and 10th centuries several religious...
In the Persian Empire, Gnostic ideas spread as far as China via the related movement Manichaeism, while Mandaeism, which is the only surviving Gnostic...
Marcus Marcosians Florinus Persian Gnosticism Mani ManichaeismChinese Gnosticism ChineseManichaeism Islamic Gnosticism Druze Nusayrism Modern Modern schools...
Nestorian Christianity, Judaism, and Manichaeism, are also represented. The majority of the manuscripts are in Chinese. Other languages represented are Khotanese...
Confucianism, and Taoism. It has also been shaped by other Chinese religions (White Lotus, ChineseManichaeism, and folk beliefs), along with Christianity.[citation...
her womb. ChineseManichaeism borrowed the iconography of Chinese Buddhism, frequently depicting religious figures revered in Manichaeism seated upon...
Marcus Marcosians Florinus Persian Gnosticism Mani ManichaeismChinese Gnosticism ChineseManichaeism Islamic Gnosticism Druze Nusayrism Modern Modern schools...
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