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Central Powers information


Central Powers
1914–1918
The Central Powers of Europe on 15 October 1915
Principal Central Powers:
  • Central Powers Germany
  • Central Powers Austria-Hungary
  • Central Powers Ottoman Empire
  • Central Powers Bulgaria (from 1915)

  • Co-belligerents:
  • Central Powers South African Republic (until 1915)
  • Central Powers Jabal Shammar
  • Central Powers Senussi (from 1915)
  • Central Powers Sultanate of Darfur (from 1915)
  • Central Powers Dervish Movement (from 1915)

  • Client States:
  • German Empire Ober Ost
  • Ottoman Empire Yemen Vilayet
  • Central Powers Qatar (until 1915)
  • Central Powers Kingdom of Poland (from 1916)
  • Central Powers Finland (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Ukrainian State (from 1918)
  • Democratic Republic of Georgia Georgia (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Azerbaijan (from 1918)
  • Latvia Courland and Semigallia (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Kingdom of Lithuania (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Belarus (from 1918)
  • Central Powers United Baltic Duchy (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Crimea (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Northern Caucasus (from 1918)
  • Central Powers Don Republic (from 1918)
StatusMilitary alliance
Historical eraWorld War I
• Established
1914
• Dissolved
1918
Preceded by
Central Powers Dual Alliance (1879)
Central Powers German–Ottoman alliance
Central Powers Bulgaria–Germany treaty (1915)

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,[1][notes 1] were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918). It consisted of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria; this was also known as the Quadruple Alliance.[2][notes 2]

  • Leaders of the Central Powers (left to right):
  • Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany;
  • Kaiser and King Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary;
  • Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire;
  • Tsar Ferdinand I of Bulgaria
  • The caption reads:
  • "Vereinte Kräfte führen zum Ziel"
  • "United Powers Lead to the Goal"

The Central Powers' origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879. Despite having nominally joined the Triple Alliance before, Italy did not take part in World War I on the side of the Central Powers. The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria did not join until after World War I had begun. The Central Powers faced, and were defeated by, the Allied Powers, which themselves had formed around the Triple Entente.

  1. ^ e.g. in Britain and the Olympic Games, 1908–1920 by Luke J. Harris p. 185
  2. ^ Hindenburg, Paul von (1920). Out of my life. London : Cassell. p. 113 – via Internet Archive.


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