For other people named Celsus, see Celsus (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Celsius.
Celsus
Nationality
Roman Empire
Other names
Kélsos
Occupation
Philosopher
Notable work
The True Word
Era
Ancient philosophy
Region
Western philosophy
School
Possibly Platonism, Aristotelianism, Epicureanism or Eclecticism
Language
Greek
Main interests
Theology
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Origen, Contra Celsum (Cambridge, 1676 edition)
Celsus (/ˈsɛlsəs/; Hellenistic Greek: Κέλσος, Kélsos; fl. AD 175–177) was a 2nd-century Greek philosopher and opponent of early Christianity.[1][2][3] His literary work, The True Word (also Account, Doctrine or Discourse; Greek: Hellenistic Greek: Λόγος Ἀληθής),[4][5] survives exclusively in quotations from it in Contra Celsum, a refutation written in 248 by Origen of Alexandria.[3]The True Word is the earliest known comprehensive criticism of Christianity.[3]
Hanegraaff[6] has argued that it was written shortly after the death of Justin Martyr (who was possibly the first Christian apologist), and was probably a response to his work.[6] Origen stated that Celsus was from the first half of the 2nd century AD, although the majority of modern scholars have come to a general consensus that Celsus probably wrote around AD 170 to 180.[7][8]
^Young, Frances M. (2006). "Monotheism and Christology". In Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Christianity: Origins to Constantine. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 452–470. ISBN 978-0-521-81239-9.
^Chisholm 1911, p. 609.
^ abcGottheil, Richard; Krauss, Samuel (1906). "CELSUS (Kέλσος)". Jewish Encyclopedia. Kopelman Foundation. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
^Hoffmann p.29
^Cite error: The named reference doc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abHanegraaff p.22
^Hoffmann 1987, pp. 30–32
^Chadwick, H., Origen: Contra Celsum, CUP (1965), p. xxviii. The arguments for the date depend on factors such as the state of the art of gnosticism, possible references to the Augusti, appeals to defense against barbarian invasion, and the possibility of identifying the persecution described by Celsus with a historical one.
that Celsus was from the first half of the 2nd century AD, although the majority of modern scholars have come to a general consensus that Celsus probably...
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(lit. Above Celsus), a great Swiss alchemist and physician prevalent in the Medical Renaissance. Nothing is known about the life of Celsus. Even his praenomen...
confused Celsus, the author of The True Word, with a different Celsus, who was an Epicurean philosopher and a friend of the Syrian satirist Lucian. Celsus the...
imprisoned once again there. Celsus was entrusted to the care of a pagan lady, who attempted to make him abjure his faith. Celsus refused, and was eventually...
philosopher Celsus addressed many principal points of early Christianity and refuted or argued against their validity. In The True Word, Celsus attacked...
The Basilica of Saints Nazarius and Celsus (French: Basilique des Saints Nazaire et Celse) is a Roman Catholic minor basilica located in the citadel of...
of Celsus, the façade of which has been carefully reconstructed from original pieces, was originally built c. 125 in memory of Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus...
Juventius Celsus Titus Aufidius Hoenius Severianus (c. 67 – c. 130) — the son of a little-known jurist of the same name, hence also Celsus filius — was...
just one ancient Greek philosopher named Celsus, who, according to Christian writer Origen in his "Against Celsus" (Greek Κατὰ Κέλσου, Kata Kelsou; Latin...
Xyleborus celsus is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. "Xyleborus celsus Report". Integrated...
At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Macrinus and Celsus (or, less frequently, year 917 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 164 for...
Celsus and Marcionilla (Greek: Κέλσος & Μαρκιονίλλα) were early Christian martyrs. Marcionilla was a matron, and Celsus was her little son. Together with...
suggests that Marius Celsus was a native of Nemausus in Gallia Narbonensis (modern Nîmes), based on the existence of Gaius Marius Celsus, a magistrate of...
Marcus Aurelius on the obverse, and the name "Candidus Celsus" on the reverse, attesting that Celsus was proconsular governor of the public province of Asia...
Ladda celsus is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Ecuador. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ladda celsus. Wikispecies...
Cyrtolobus celsus is a species of treehopper belonging to the genus Cyrtolobus. It was first described by Edward P. Van Duzee in 1916. Cyrtolobus celsus is found...
Adam and Eve. Celsus and his opponent Origen (Contra Celsum, vi. §§ 24-38) both describe the diagrams, though not in the same way. Celsus describes them...
treatise Contra Celsum, or Against Celsus, a seminal work of Christian apologetics, which systematically addressed Celsus's criticisms and helped bring Christianity...
Ceratophyllus celsus is a species of flea in the family Ceratophyllidae. It was described by Karl Jordan in 1926. "Ceratophyllus celsus" at the Encyclopedia...
Celsus Peak (64°25′S 62°26′W / 64.417°S 62.433°W / -64.417; -62.433) is a peak 2 nautical miles (4 km) west of D'Ursel Point in the southern part of...
From the first to fourth centuries A.D., Greek philosophers and physicians Celsus, Soranus of Ephesus, Aretaeus, Galen, and Oribasius, also discussed specific...
Paepalanthus celsus is a species of plant in the Eriocaulaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist...
De Medicina is a 1st-century medical treatise by Aulus Cornelius Celsus, a Roman encyclopedist and possibly (but not likely) a practicing physician. It...
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