This article is about the ancient city in Anatolia. For the town in the southern United States, see Ephesus, Georgia. For homonyms of the Turkish word Efes, see Efes.
"Ephesian" redirects here. For the New Testament book, see Ephesians.
Ephesus (/ˈɛfɪsəs/;[1][2] Greek: Ἔφεσος, translit. Éphesos; Turkish: Efes; may ultimately derive from Hittite: 𒀀𒉺𒊭, romanized: Apaša) was a city in Ancient Greece[3][4] on the coast of Ionia, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was built in the 10th century BC on the site of Apasa, the former Arzawan capital,[5][6] by Attic and Ionian Greeks. During the Classical Greek era, it was one of twelve cities that were members of the Ionian League. The city came under the control of the Roman Republic in 129 BC.
The city was famous in its day for the nearby Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), which has been designated one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.[7] Its many monumental buildings included the Library of Celsus and a theatre capable of holding 24,000 spectators.[8]
Ephesus was a recipient city of one of the Pauline epistles and one of the seven churches of Asia addressed in the Book of Revelation.[9] The Gospel of John may have been written there,[10] and it was the site of several 5th-century Christian Councils (Council of Ephesus). The city was destroyed by the Goths in 263. Although it was afterwards rebuilt, its importance as a commercial centre declined as the harbour was slowly silted up by the Küçükmenderes River. In 614, it was partially destroyed by an earthquake.
Today, the ruins of Ephesus are a favourite international and local tourist attraction, being accessible from Adnan Menderes Airport and from the resort town Kuşadası. In 2015, the ruins were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
^"Ephesus Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com".
^Cite error: The named reference Olausson2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Gagarin2010 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Ramirez-Faria2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference BritishMuseum was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference SteadmanMcMahon2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"accessed September 14, 2007". Penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
^Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert (1995). "Ephesus". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-884964-02-2.
^2:1–7
^Harris, Stephen L., Understanding the Bible, Palo Alto, Mayfield, 1985.
names Apasa and Ephesus appear to be cognate, and recently found inscriptions seem to pinpoint the places in the Hittite record. Ephesus was founded as...
early Christian accounts of Ephesus. According to the New Testament, the appearance of the first Christian missionary in Ephesus caused locals to fear for...
The Council of Ephesus was a council of Christian bishops convened in Ephesus (near present-day Selçuk in Turkey) in AD 431 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius...
Latin: Septem dormientes), also known in Christendom as Seven Sleepers of Ephesus, and in Islam as Aṣḥāb al-Kahf, lit. Companions of the Cave, is a late...
The Battle of Ephesus may refer to: Battle of Ephesus (498 BC), in the Ionian Revolt Battle of Ephesus (406 BC), between Athenians and Peloponnesians Battle...
Greek). St Mark of Ephesus Orthodox Icon and Synaxarion (January 19) St. Mark of Ephesus and the False Union of Florence St. Mark of Ephesus: A True Ecumenist...
Ionian city of Ephesus, a port on the Kayster River, on the western coast of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). In the 6th century BC, Ephesus, like other cities...
Polycrates of Ephesus (/pəˈlɪkrəˌtiːz/; Greek: Πολυκράτης; fl. c. 130 – 196) was an Early Christian bishop at Ephesus. Polycrates convened a synod to...
Syracuse, arrive in Ephesus, which turns out to be the home of their twin brothers, Antipholus of Ephesus and his servant, Dromio of Ephesus. When the Syracusans...
Timothy or Timothy of Ephesus (Greek: Τιμόθεος; Timótheos, meaning "honouring God" or "honoured by God") was an early Christian evangelist and the first...
There had been a Jewish community at Ephesus for over three hundred years when Paul the Apostle visited Ephesus around 53 AD. Paul set out on his third...
Emperor of an ecumenical council to meet at Ephesus in August, 449. The Acts by the Second Council of Ephesus are known through a Syriac translation by...
Soranus of Ephesus (Greek: Σωρανός ὁ Ἑφέσιος; fl. 1st/2nd century AD) was a Greek physician. He was born in Ephesus but practiced in Alexandria and subsequently...
Gaius of Ephesus (Greek: Γάϊος ό Εφέσιος) is numbered among the Seventy Disciples. He was Bishop of Ephesus (Romans 16:23). The Catholic Church remembers...
provinces, such as the Greek city of Ephesus, where Aquila built the library in honor of his father, but also to benefit Ephesus as a whole. The library itself...
John of Ephesus (or of Asia) (Greek: Ίωάννης ό Έφέσιος, Classical Syriac: ܝܘܚܢܢ ܕܐܦܣܘܣ, c. 507 – c. 588 AD) was a leader of the early Syriac Orthodox...
Ephesus Museum may refer to: Ephesos Museum in Vienna Ephesus Archaeological Museum in Selçuk near Ephesus This disambiguation page lists articles associated...
goddess in Ephesus. There are approximately 64 thousand pieces exhibited in the Ephesus Museum. The other museum with a great number of Ephesus artifacts...
Damian of Ephesus (Ancient Greek: Δαμιανός, fl. 2nd century AD) was a member of the Second Sophistic who lived in Ephesus. He is best known as a source...
in Ephesus. Soon, her reputation as a doctor and as a devout Christian attracted the attention of the Roman emperor Trajan who stopped in Ephesus on his...
Themistagoras of Ephesus (Ancient Greek: Θεμισταγόρας ο Εφέσιος) was an ancient Greek historian and geographer. As his nickname suggests, he is said to...
was apparently not Michael of Ephesus' teacher) and turning after his abdication to scholarship as the archbishop of Ephesus, is no longer taken seriously...
Christian history of Ephesus and the doings of the Phrygian Montanists. The unknown author of Praedestinatus says he was a Bishop of Ephesus. However, the lack...
Council of Ephesus, declared that Jesus Christ, though divine as well as human, is only one being, or person (hypostasis). Thus, the Council of Ephesus explicitly...
Album Reviews: DEAR EPHESUS A View of Epic Proportions". HM Magazine (75). ISSN 1066-6923. Wilson, Jon (December 1998). "Dear Ephesus – A View Of Epic Proportions"...
Xenophon of Ephesus (Greek: Ξενοφῶν ὁ Εφέσιος; fl. 2nd century – 3rd century AD) was a Greek writer. His surviving work is the Ephesian Tale of Anthia...
that the letter was addressed to "the saints who are in Ephesus" (1:1), the words "in Ephesus" do not appear in the best and earliest manuscripts of the...
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