Interactions of structural proteins at cadherin-based adherens junction. The exact means by which cadherins are linked to actin filaments is still under investigation.[1]
Catenins are a family of proteins found in complexes with cadherin cell adhesion molecules of animal cells. The first two catenins that were identified[2] became known as α-catenin and β-catenin. α-Catenin can bind to β-catenin and can also bind filamentous actin (F-actin).[3] β-Catenin binds directly to the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins. Additional catenins such as γ-catenin and δ-catenin have been identified. The name "catenin" was originally selected ('catena' means 'chain' in Latin) because it was suspected that catenins might link cadherins to the cytoskeleton.[4]
^Weis WI, Nelson WJ (November 2006). "Re-solving the cadherin-catenin-actin conundrum". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (47): 35593–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.R600027200. PMC 3368706. PMID 17005550.
^Peyriéras N, Louvard D, Jacob F (December 1985). "Characterization of antigens recognized by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against uvomorulin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (23): 8067–71. Bibcode:1985PNAS...82.8067P. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.23.8067. PMC 391443. PMID 2415979.
^Buckley, Craig D.; Tan, Jiongyi; Anderson, Karen L.; Hanein, Dorit; Volkmann, Niels; Weis, William I.; Nelson, W. James; Dunn, Alexander R. (2014-10-31). "Cell adhesion. The minimal cadherin-catenin complex binds to actin filaments under force". Science. 346 (6209): 1254211. doi:10.1126/science.1254211. ISSN 1095-9203. PMC 4364042. PMID 25359979.
^Ozawa M, Baribault H, Kemler R (June 1989). "The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species". EMBO J. 8 (6): 1711–7. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03563.x. PMC 401013. PMID 2788574.
became known as α-catenin and β-catenin. α-Catenin can bind to β-catenin and can also bind filamentous actin (F-actin). β-Catenin binds directly to the...
protein beta-catenin (β-catenin) while a noncanonical pathway operates independently of it. The canonical Wnt pathway (or Wnt/β-catenin pathway) is the...
the APC gene. The APC protein is a negative regulator that controls beta-catenin concentrations and interacts with E-cadherin, which are involved in cell...
p120 catenin, or simply p120, also called catenin delta-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNND1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the...
gamma-catenin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUP gene. Plakoglobin is a member of the catenin protein family and homologous to β-catenin. Plakoglobin...
and γ-catenins, bind to the cytoplasmic portion of the cadherin. Regulatory proteins include p-120 catenin, α {\displaystyle \alpha } -catenin, β {\displaystyle...
(sometimes called delta catenin) binds the juxtamembrane region of the cadherin. γ-catenin or gamma-catenin (plakoglobin) binds the catenin-binding region of...
because of the β-Catenin that accumulates once Wnt14 signalling is initiated. After Wnt14 is initiated, phosphorylation of the β-Catenin that would normally...
integral part of the Wnt canonical pathway (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical pathway (β-catenin-independent). In either of these, DVL acts downstream...
historical name of the β-catenin gene in the fruitfly Drosophila where the armadillo repeat was first discovered. Although β-catenin was previously believed...
Dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 1 (Dact1, previously known as Dapper, Dpr1, Frodo) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DACT1...
metabolism, ammonia detoxification, and bile production and secretion. WNT/β-catenin has now been identified to be playing a key role in this phenomenon. At...
CHD8 also recruits the linker histone H1 and causes the repression of β-catenin and p53 target genes. The importance of CHD8 can be observed in studies...
turn determined by the regions in which beta-catenin is protected from degradation by GSK-3. Beta-catenin acts as a co-factor that alters the activity...
presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat...
protein. The APC protein prevents the accumulation of β-catenin protein. Without APC, β-catenin accumulates to high levels and translocates (moves) into...
cadherins are also highly conserved, as they bind to proteins called catenins, forming catenin-cadherin complexes. These protein complexes link cadherins to...
β-catenin, the Notch signaling pathway, and two growth factors, EGF and HGF. β-catenin plays a supportive role in liver regeneration. Wnt/β-catenin signaling...
phosphorylation of β-catenin. This allows β-catenin to escape degradation and enter the nucleus. The only important role of β-catenin is to activate the...
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