For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Catalan for Wikipedia articles, see Help:IPA/Catalan.
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
The phonology of Catalan, a Romance language, has a certain degree of dialectal variation. Although there are two standard varieties, one based on Central Eastern dialect and another one based on South-Western or Valencian dialect, this article deals with features of all or most dialects, as well as regional pronunciation differences.
Catalan is characterized by final-obstruent devoicing, lenition, and voicing assimilation; a set of 7 to 8 phonemic vowels, vowel assimilations (including vowel harmony), many phonetic diphthongs, and vowel reduction, whose precise details differ between dialects.
/ / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. The phonology of Catalan, a Romance language, has a certain degree of dialectal variation...
consonant). As a Romance language, Catalan comes directly from Vulgar Latin. As such, it shares certain phonological changes from Latin with other Romance...
"The Resurgence of Catalan". Hispania. 45 (1): 43–48. doi:10.2307/337523. JSTOR 337523. Wheeler, Max W. (1979). Phonology of Catalan. Oxford: Blackwell...
Janet (2002), The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic, New York: Oxford University Press Wheeler, Max W. (2005), The Phonology Of Catalan, Oxford: Oxford...
Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo Kristoffersen, Gjert (2000), The Phonology of Norwegian, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-823765-5 Ladefoged...
descriptiva del català (in Catalan), Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, ISBN 84-7283-312-7 Riad, Tomas (2014), The Phonology of Swedish, Oxford University...
Asturleonese, Basque, Peninsular Spanish (excluding parts of Andalusia), Catalan, Galician, and Northern European Portuguese. A similar retracted sibilant...
Max W (2005), The Phonology Of Catalan, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-925814-7 Zhuqing, Li (2002), Fuzhou Phonology and Grammar, Springfield...
English, vol. 1: Phonology, Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 181–196, ISBN 3-11-017532-0 Bowerman, Sean (2004), "White South African English: phonology", in Schneider...
(it is now [j] in intervocalic or final position in some dialects). Catalanphonology Occitan conjugation Occitan alphabet Wheeler (1997:248) Grandgent...
{{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Wheeler, Max W. (2005), The Phonology Of Catalan, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-925814-7 List of...
several other languages listed here. Some languages, like Portuguese and Catalan, have a lateral approximant that varies between alveolar and alveolo-palatal...
R.; Cox, F.; Harrington, J. (2009), An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Macquarie University Menzli, Gierdi (1993), Cuors da romontsch sursilvan:...
Hans (2005), The Phonology of Danish, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 0-203-97876-5 Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International...
R.; Cox, F.; Harrington, J. (2009), An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Macquarie University Newmark, Leonard; Hubbard, Philip; Prifti, Peter...
(2nd ed.), Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans, ISBN 978-84-7283-312-8 Riad, Tomas (2014), The Phonology of Swedish, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-954357-1...
E. (2002), The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic, New York: Oxford University Press Wheeler, Max W (2005), The Phonology Of Catalan, Oxford: Oxford...
Basbøll, Hans (2005), The Phonology of Danish, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 0-203-97876-5 Blust, Robert (1999), "Notes on Pazeh Phonology and Morphology", Oceanic...
English, vol. 1: Phonology, Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 580–602, ISBN 978-3-11-017532-5 Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the...
affricate), the approximant is sometimes instead called yod (jod), as in the phonological history terms yod-dropping and yod-coalescence. The palatal approximant...
and Prosodic Structure of Catalan. John Benjamins B.V. ISBN 978-90-272-5551-8. Wheeler, Max (2005). The Phonology of Catalan. Oxford: Oxford University...
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