Extinct tiger population in Central and Western Asia
Caspian tiger
Tiger from the Caucasus in Berlin Zoological Garden, 1899[1]
Conservation status
Extinct (1970)
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Carnivora
Suborder:
Feliformia
Family:
Felidae
Subfamily:
Pantherinae
Genus:
Panthera
Species:
P. tigris
Subspecies:
P. t. tigris
Population:
†Caspian tiger
Historical distribution
The Caspian tiger was a Panthera tigris tigris population native to eastern Turkey, northern Iran, Mesopotamia, the Caucasus around the Caspian Sea, Central Asia to northern Afghanistan and the Xinjiang region in western China.[2] Until the Middle Ages, it was also present in southern Russia.[3] It inhabited sparse forests and riverine corridors in this region until the 1970s.[1] This population was regarded as a distinct subspecies and assessed as extinct in 2003.[4]
Results of a phylogeographic analysis evinces that the Caspian and Siberian tiger populations shared a common continuous geographic distribution until the early 19th century.[5]
Some Caspian tigers were intermediate in size between Siberian and Bengal tigers.[3][6][7]
It was also called Balkhash tiger, Hyrcanian tiger, Turanian tiger,[4] and Mazandaran tiger.[8]
^ abNowell, K. & Jackson, P. (1996). "Tiger, Panthera tigris (Linnaeus, 1758)" (PDF). Wild Cats: status survey and conservation action plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. pp. 55–65.
^Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O'Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z. & Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11): 66–68.
^ abHeptner, V. G. & Sludskij, A. A. (1992) [1972]. "Tiger". Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola [Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 95–202.
^ abJackson, P. & Nowell, K. (2011). "Panthera tigris ssp. virgata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T41505A10480967.
^Driscoll, C. A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Bar-Gal, G. K.; Roca, A. L.; Luo, S.; Macdonald, D. W. & O'Brien, S. J. (2009). "Mitochondrial Phylogeography Illuminates the Origin of the Extinct Caspian Tiger and Its Relationship to the Amur Tiger". PLOS ONE. 4 (1): e4125. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.4125D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004125. PMC 2624500. PMID 19142238.
^Mazák, V. (1981). "Panthera tigris". Mammalian Species (152): 1–8. doi:10.2307/3504004. JSTOR 3504004.
^Firouz, E. (2005). "Tiger". The complete fauna of Iran. London, New York: I. B. Tauris. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-1-85043-946-2.
^Humphreys, P. & Kahrom, E. (1999). "Caspian tiger". Lion and Gazelle: The Mammals and Birds of Iran. Avon: Images Publishing. pp. 75–77. ISBN 9781860642296.
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and brown bears. In the past they were also hunted by the now-extinct Caspiantiger. Shokri, Shirko; Jafari, Abbas; Rabei, Korous; Hadipour, Ehsan; Alinejad...
ligers were known to live there until the modern era. The range of the Caspiantiger has overlapped with that of the lion in places such as northern Iran...
considered as a site for its reintroduction. The Caspiantiger used to occur in the northern region around the Caspian Sea, and in the Trans-Caucasian and Turkestani...
service tree (Sorbus torminalis) and lime tree (Tilia platyphyllos). The Caspiantiger (Panthera tigris tigris) was once the apex predator of the biome before...
management science and fishing. For example, he gave descriptions of a Caspiantiger from Prishibinskoye. Vratislav Mazák The Free Dictionary Geptner, V...
in the wilderness of India, besides occurring in countries where the Caspiantiger had been, such as Iran and Turkey. In India, there is a plan to shift...
north, for example close to Barnaul. Closely related to the Caspiantiger is the extant Amur tiger, which has the taxonomic name Panthera tigris altaica. The...
water-management, and outdated irrigation methods all exacerbate the issue. The Caspiantiger used to occur along the river's banks. After its extirpation, the Darya's...
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Asiatic lion (now restricted to India’s Gir Forest) and the now-extinct Caspiantiger; The Eurasian lynx, golden eagles and the Asiatic cheetah—now restricted...
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Global Information![Tiger from the Caucasus in Berlin Zoological Garden, 1899[1]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Panthera_tigris_virgata.jpg/220px-Panthera_tigris_virgata.jpg)
