Network of cells that facilitate rhythmic heart contraction
This article is about the natural pacemaker in the heart. For the medical device that simulates the function, see Artificial cardiac pacemaker.
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Image showing the cardiac pacemaker or SA node, the primary pacemaker within the electrical conduction system of the heart.
The contraction of cardiac muscle (heart muscle) in all animals is initiated by electrical impulses known as action potentials that in the heart are known as cardiac action potentials. The rate at which these impulses fire controls the rate of cardiac contraction, that is, the heart rate. The cells that create these rhythmic impulses, setting the pace for blood pumping, are called pacemaker cells, and they directly control the heart rate. They make up the cardiac pacemaker, that is, the natural pacemaker of the heart. In most humans, the highest concentration of pacemaker cells is in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the natural and primary pacemaker, and the resultant rhythm is a sinus rhythm.
Sometimes a secondary pacemaker sets the pace, if the SA node is damaged or if the electrical conduction system of the heart has problems. Cardiac arrhythmias can cause heart block, in which the contractions lose their rhythm. In humans, and sometimes in other animals, a mechanical device called an artificial pacemaker (or simply "pacemaker") may be used after damage to the body's intrinsic conduction system to produce these impulses synthetically.
They make up the cardiacpacemaker, that is, the natural pacemaker of the heart. In most humans, the highest concentration of pacemaker cells is in the...
An artificial cardiacpacemaker, commonly referred to as simply a pacemaker, is an implanted medical device that generates electrical pulses delivered...
cells, the cardiac action potential is not initiated by nervous activity. Instead, it arises from a group of specialized cells known as pacemaker cells, that...
factors correlated with development of pacemaker syndrome include decreased stroke volume, decreased cardiac output, and decreased left atrial total...
outside the normally functioning SA node of the heart. It is thus a cardiacpacemaker that is ectopic, producing an ectopic beat. Acute occurrence is usually...
component of the natural pacemaker. First described in the late 1970s in Purkinje fibers and sinoatrial myocytes, the cardiacpacemaker "funny" (If) current...
depolarizations necessary for the SA node's pacemaker activity. In order to maximize efficiency of contractions and cardiac output, the conduction system of the...
impulses produced by specialized pacemaker cells found within the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. Cardiac muscle is composed of myocytes...
oval shaped region of special cardiac muscle in the upper back wall of the right atrium made up of cells known as pacemaker cells. The sinus node is approximately...
also be used. Cardiac devices in the form of pacemakers or implantable defibrillators may also be required to treat arrhythmias. Pacemakers, comprising...
Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, with the other two being skeletal muscle and...
formation originating at the pacemaker or the His-Purkinje network. The second is due to re-entry conduction disturbances. Cardiac arrhythmia is often first...
such as midodrine or fludrocortisone may be tried. Occasionally, a cardiacpacemaker may be used as treatment. Reflex syncope affects at least 1 in 1,000...
and one of the pioneers in the development of the artificial cardiacpacemaker and cardiac defibrillator. Zoll's parents were Hyman and Mollie Zoll. They...
ability for ventricular escape rhythms to maintain cardiac output is compromised. Permanent pacemaker implantation is often required. An AV-junctional rhythm...
and implantation of pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation therapy devices. The cardiac electrophysiology (EP)...
to a set rhythm. Cardiacpacemaker cells, a type of cardiac myocyte in the SA node of heart, are an example of cells with a pacemaker potential.[citation...
cardiologists. However, some invasive procedures such as cardiac catheterization and pacemaker implantation are performed by cardiologists. Cardiology...
number was reported to be down to just nine. The Mound Laboratory CardiacPacemaker program began on 1 June 1966, in conjunction with NUMEC. When it was...
(CAM) among many others. Implantable devices such as the artificial cardiacpacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator are capable of measuring...
needed] Ablation catheters: radiofrequency (RF) and cryo Pacemakers Defibrillators The history of cardiac catheterization dates back to Stephen Hales (1677-1761)...
Minneapolis commencing manufacture and further development of artificial cardiacpacemakers. In 1968, Catalyst Research Corporation of Baltimore, Maryland developed...
The Plutonium-Powered Pacemaker". "Nuclear pacemaker still energized after 34 years". R L Shoup."Nuclear-Powered CardiacPacemakers". Crystal Phend."Extra...
drop in cardiac output. When heart failure is present, a specialized pacemaker may be used to resynchronize the ventricles. In theory a pacemaker like this...
Wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP) is an atrial rhythm where the pacemaking activity of the heart originates from different locations within the atria....
Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of CardiacPacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices): developed in collaboration with the American...
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