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Capillary action information


Capillary water flow up a 225 mm-high porous brick after it was placed in a shallow tray of water. The time elapsed after first contact with water is indicated. From the weight increase, the estimated porosity is 25%.
Capillary action of water (polar) compared to mercury (non-polar), in each case with respect to a polar surface such as glass (≡Si–OH)

Capillary action (sometimes called capillarity, capillary motion, capillary rise, capillary effect, or wicking) is the process of a liquid flowing in a narrow space in opposition to or at least without the assistance of any external forces like gravity.

The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint-brush, in a thin tube such as a straw, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as sand and liquefied carbon fiber, or in a biological cell.

It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid.

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Capillary action

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Capillary action (sometimes called capillarity, capillary motion, capillary rise, capillary effect, or wicking) is the process of a liquid flowing in...

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Capillary

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hairlike diameter of a capillary. While capillary is usually used as a noun, the word also is used as an adjective, as in "capillary action", in which a liquid...

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Chemical polarity

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In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively...

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Capillary pressure

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statics, capillary pressure (pc{\displaystyle {p_{c}}}) is the pressure between two immiscible fluids in a thin tube (see capillary action), resulting...

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Transpiration

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of liquid water from the roots to the leaves is driven in part by capillary action, but primarily driven by water potential differences. If the water...

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Capillary fringe

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The capillary fringe is the subsurface layer in which groundwater seeps up from a water table by capillary action to fill pores. Pores at the base of...

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Hydrostatics

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important leading to the formation of a meniscus through capillary action. This capillary action has profound consequences for biological systems as it...

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Fountain pen

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nib and deposits the ink on paper via a combination of gravity and capillary action. Filling the reservoir with ink may be achieved manually, via the use...

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Thorny devil

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collected via capillary action in small channels located between its scales. Captured water is transported passively via capillary action in semi-tubular...

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Xylem

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the capillary action movement of water upwards in plants is the adhesion between the water and the surface of the xylem conduits. Capillary action provides...

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Properties of water

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Because water has strong cohesive and adhesive forces, it exhibits capillary action. Strong cohesion from hydrogen bonding and adhesion allows trees to...

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Capillary electrophoresis

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Sample is introduced into the capillary via capillary action, pressure, siphoning, or electrokinetically, and the capillary is then returned to the source...

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Pen

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used in the tip - by capillary action and gravity. As with a fountain pen, ink leaves the tip of a felt tip pen by capillary action when writing on a porous...

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Vadose zone

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retained by a combination of adhesion (funiculary groundwater), and capillary action (capillary groundwater). If the vadose zone envelops soil, the water contained...

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Capillary action through synthetic mesh

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Capillary action through synthetic mesh is the result of the intermolecular attraction between moisture and semi-synthetic polymers, causing a current...

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Writing implement

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hollow natural material which could retain a small reservoir of ink by capillary action. However, these ink reservoirs were relatively small, requiring the...

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Marangoni effect

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case of temperature dependence, this phenomenon may be called thermo-capillary convection (or Bénard–Marangoni convection). This phenomenon was first...

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Soil salinity

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surface of the soil. The salts from the groundwater are raised by capillary action to the surface of the soil. This occurs when groundwater is saline...

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Drinking bird

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changing state at a constant temperature. Torque and center of mass. Capillary action of the wicking felt. Wet-bulb temperature: The temperature difference...

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Wicking

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Wicking may refer to: Capillary action, the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces Christopher Wicking (1943–2008), British screenwriter and film...

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Frost heaving

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ice lenses must be sufficiently porous to allow capillary action, yet not so porous as to break capillary continuity. Such soil is referred to as "frost...

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Lymphatic system

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Fluid from circulating blood leaks into the tissues of the body by capillary action, carrying nutrients to the cells. The fluid bathes the tissues as interstitial...

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Surface tension

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surface tension can draw liquid up the tube in a phenomenon known as capillary action. The height to which the column is lifted is given by Jurin's law:...

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Incipient wetness impregnation

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the same pore volume as the volume of the solution that was added. Capillary action draws the solution into the pores. Solution added in excess of the...

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