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Analog TV systems global map, with System M in red.
CCIR System M,[1][2][3] sometimes called 525–line, monochrome NTSC, NTSC-M, or CCIR-M,[4][5] is the analog broadcast television system approved by the FCC (upon recommendation by the National Television Systems Committee - NTSC)[6] for use in the United States since July 1, 1941,[7][8] replacing the 441-line TV system introduced in 1938.[8] System M comprises a total of 525 interlaced lines of video, of which 486 contain the image information, at 30 frames per second. Video is amplitude modulated and audio is frequency modulated, with a total bandwidth of 6 MHz for each channel, including a guard band.[9]
It was also adopted in the Americas and Caribbean; Myanmar, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan and Japan (here with minor differences, informally referred to as System J). System M doesn't specify a color system, but NTSC (NTSC-M) was normally used, with some exceptions: NTSC-J in Japan, PAL-M in Brazil and SECAM-M in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam (see Color standards section below).
The letter M designation was attributed by the ITU at the 1961 Stockholm meeting (see ITU identification scheme).[10]
In 1965, Thailand decided to replace System M with 625-line CCIR System B, which started in 1967, adopting PAL at the same time.[11]
Since 2015, System M is being replaced by digital broadcasting, in countries such as the Americas, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the Philippines.
^Korea Electronics Association (1991). Journal of Korean Electronics(PDF).
^Alonso, Rodney Martínez; Pupo, Ernesto Fontes; Pan, Changyong (June 10, 2015). "Co-channel and adjacent channel interference in DTMB with 6MHz channel bandwidth". 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting. pp. 1–5. doi:10.1109/BMSB.2015.7177274. ISBN 978-1-4799-5865-8. S2CID 11038252 – via IEEE Xplore.
^"C.C.I.R - Documents of the Xlth Plenary Assembly Oslo, 1966" (PDF).
^Pupo, Ernesto Fontes; Alvarez, Rufino Cabrera; García, Alejandro González; Hernández, Reinier Díaz (October 10, 2020). "Protection ratios and overload thresholds between 700 MHz FDD-LTE and analog/digital terrestrial television". 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB). pp. 1–5. doi:10.1109/BMSB49480.2020.9379925. ISBN 978-1-7281-5784-9. S2CID 232373635 – via IEEE Xplore.
^Odiaga, Martínez; Joussef, Hansel; Medina, Yarlequé; Augusto, Manuel (November 10, 2016). "Interference between UHF analog/digital television and LTE APT 700 MHz band: A field evaluation". 2016 8th IEEE Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM). pp. 1–5. doi:10.1109/LATINCOM.2016.7811615. ISBN 978-1-5090-5137-3. S2CID 11567258 – via IEEE Xplore.
^Pursell, Carroll (April 30, 2008). A Companion to American Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470695333 – via Google Books.
^Herbert, Stephen (June 21, 2004). A History of Early Television. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780415326681 – via Google Books.
^ abMeadow, Charles T. (February 11, 2002). Making Connections: Communication through the Ages. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9781461706915 – via Google Books.
^Rova, Andy (February 22, 2005). NTSC: Nice Technology, Super Color.
^Final acts of the European Broadcasting Conference in the VHF and UHF bands. Stockholm, 1961.
^"The Project of Nationwide Television Broadcasting Network in Thailand" (PDF). Overseas Technical Cooperation Agency, Government of Japan. January 1967. p. 234. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
CCIRSystemM, sometimes called 525–line, monochrome NTSC, NTSC-M, or CCIR-M, is the analog broadcast television system approved by the FCC (upon recommendation...
CCIRSystem B (originally known as the "Gerber Standard") was the 625-line VHF analog broadcast television system which at its peak was adopted by more...
CCIRSystem N is an analog broadcast television system introduced in 1951 and adopted by Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, paired with the PAL color system...
CCIRSystem K is an analog broadcast television system used in countries that adopted CCIRSystem D on VHF, and in Benin, Guinea, Republic of the Congo...
CCIRSystem A was the 405-line analog broadcast television system adopted in the UK and Ireland. System A service started in 1936 and was discontinued...
CCIRSystem E is an analog broadcast television system used in France and Monaco, associated with monochrome 819-line high resolution broadcasts. Transmissions...
CCIRSystem C (originally known as the Belgian 625-line system) is an analog broadcast television system used between 1953 and 1978 in Belgium, Italy,...
CCIRSystem D is an analog broadcast television system used in Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Albania...
CCIRSystem H is an analog broadcast television system used in Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Malta, Slovenia and Liberia on UHF bands, paired...
CCIRSystem G, also known as the "Gerber Standard", is an analog broadcast television system used in sixty countries around the world for UHF channels...
CCIRSystem I is an analogue broadcast television system. It was first used in the Republic of Ireland starting in December 1961 as the 625-line broadcasting...
CCIRSystem L is an analog broadcast television system used in France, Luxembourg, Monaco and Chausey. It was the last system to use positive video modulation...
Telecommunication Union standards use 525-lines: CCIRSystem J CCIRSystemM The following analog television color systems were used in conjunction with the previous...
television standard which was grafted onto an existing monochrome system such as CCIRSystemM, using gaps in the video spectrum (explained below) to allow...
and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I or K. The articles on analog broadcast television systems further describe frame...
units in the case of CCIRSystem B and CCIRSystem G (European systems) and 7.5 IRE units in the case of CCIRSystemM (American system). So, while there...
not be confused with the analog "525 lines" resolution, mandated by CCIRSystemsM and J and usually paired with NTSC color. This association explains...
bandwidth is allocated to the two chroma values in broadcast systems such as CCIRSystemM. These schemes are not expressible in J:a:b notation. Instead...
analog video standards. CCIRSystemM and N, associated with NTSC color, use gamma 2.2; systems B/G, H, I, D/K, K1, L and M associated with PAL or SECAM...
Engineering Society) Beaubien, William H.: A Report of FM Stereo at the CCIR Study Group X Conference in Bad Kreuznach, Germany JAES Volume 11 Issue 1...
625-line (or CCIR 625/50) is a late 1940s European analog standard-definition television resolution standard. It consists of a 625-line raster, with 576...
notably NABTS (CCIR Teletext System C) in the United States, Antiope (CCIR Teletext System A) in France and JTES (CCIR Teletext System D) in Japan, but...
although limited to France, Belgium and Luxembourg. It is associated with CCIRSystem E and F. When Europe resumed TV transmissions after World War II (i.e...
NTSC-N was originally proposed in the 1960s to the CCIR as a 50 Hz broadcast method for System N countries Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina before they...
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