"Butyl" redirects here. For the synthetic rubber, see Butyl rubber.
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C4H9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.
The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:
If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)
If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or sec-butyl: −CH(CH3)−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl)
The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups:
If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: −CH2−CH(CH3)2 (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl)
If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, tert-butyl or t-butyl: −C(CH3)3 (preferred IUPAC name: tert-butyl)
"-butyl" groups: If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or n-butyl: −CH2−CH2−CH2−CH3 (preferred IUPAC name: butyl)...
Butyl ester may refer to: Butyl nitrite The family of organic chemical compounds containing an ester group and a butylgroup including: Butyl acetate...
valeronitrile or butyl cyanide is a nitrile with the formula C4H9CN. This can be written BuCN, with Bu representing an n-butyl (linear butylgroup). Pentanenitrile...
alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, 1-BuOH, i-BuOH, and...
Butyl rubber, sometimes just called "butyl", is a synthetic rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene with isoprene. The abbreviation IIR stands for isobutylene...
hydrogen in the case of esters of formic acid. For example, butyl acetate (systematically butyl ethanoate), derived from butanol and acetic acid (systematically...
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) is an organic compound historically used a plasticizer, but which has now been largely phased out due to health concerns...
A methyl group has an A-value of 1.74 while tert-butylgroup has an A-value of ~5. Because the A-value of tert-butyl is higher, tert-butyl has a larger...
the amine group, and a tert-butyl ether on the phenol group. The benzyl ester can be removed by hydrogenolysis, the fluorenylmethylenoxy group (Fmoc) by...
for the secondary butylgroup t-Bu or tBu for the tertiary butylgroup Pn for the pentyl group (or Am for the synonymous amyl group, although Am is also...
nitration. The methyl group in toluene is small and will lead the ortho product being the major product. On the other hand, the t-butylgroup is very bulky (there...
cation with the formula [N(C4H9)4]+, also denoted [NBu4]+ (where Bu = butylgroup). It is used in the research laboratory to prepare lipophilic salts of...
attached to the amine becomes greater, particularly with respect to a t-butylgroup, then the molecule typically is found to have receptor affinity without...
C4mim is a shorthand for the 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation; where C4 refers to the butylgroup. It is also abbreviated Bmim, and (rarely) Bumim...
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