Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with the Republic of Belarus'/Republic of Kazakhstan's/Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
U.S. President Clinton, Russian President Yeltsin, and Ukrainian President Kravchuk after signing the Trilateral Statement in Moscow on 14 January 1994
Signed
5 December 1994 (1994-12-05)
Location
Budapest, Hungary
Original signatories
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Ukraine
Russia
United States
United Kingdom
Languages
English language
Russian language
Ukrainian language (Ukraine Memorandum)
Belarusian language (Belarus Memorandum)
Kazakh language (Kazakhstan Memorandum)
Full text at Wikisource
Ukraine. Memorandum on Security Assurances
Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with the Republic of Kazakhstan's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with the Republic of Belarus' accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
The Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances comprises three substantially identical political agreements signed at the OSCE conference in Budapest, Hungary, on 5 December 1994, to provide security assurances by its signatories relating to the accession of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The three memoranda were originally signed by three nuclear powers: Russia, the United States and the United Kingdom.[1] China and France gave somewhat weaker individual assurances in separate documents.[2]
The memoranda, signed in Patria Hall at the Budapest Convention Center with US Ambassador Donald M. Blinken amongst others in attendance,[3] prohibited Russia, the United States and the United Kingdom from threatening or using military force or economic coercion against Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan, "except in self-defence or otherwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations." As a result of other agreements and the memorandum, between 1993 and 1996, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine gave up their nuclear weapons.[4][5]
^Paull, John (2023). War in Ukraine: Treaty to Treachery Archived 10 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine,
in Proceedings of Russia-Ukraine War: Consequences for the World, 3rd International Scientific and Practical Internet Conference, March 2-3, 2023. WayScience, Dnipro, Ukraine (pp. 18-20)
^Vasylenko, Volodymyr (15 December 2009). "On assurances without guarantees in a 'shelved document'". The Day. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
^"1994 Public Papers 2146 - Remarks at the Denuclearization Agreements Signing Ceremony in Budapest". Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: William J. Clinton (1994, Book II). 5 December 1994. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
^Harahan, Joseph P. (2014). "With Courage and Persistence: Eliminating and Securing Weapons of Mass Destruction with the Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Programs" (PDF). DTRA History Series. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. pp. 101–134, 186. ASIN B01LYEJ56H. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
^"Memorandum on security assurances in connection with Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons". treaties.un.org. 5 December 1994. Archived from the original on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
and 22 Related for: Budapest Memorandum information
The BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances comprises three substantially identical political agreements signed at the OSCE conference in Budapest, Hungary...
France and China also provided Ukraine with assurances similar to the BudapestMemorandum, but with some significant differences. For instance, France's pledge...
Budapest Memorandum and U.S. Obligations". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 5 May 2022. "Ukraine's forgotten security guarantee: The BudapestMemorandum". Deutsche...
States and United Kingdom accused Russia of breaking the terms of the BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances, by which Russia, the US, and the UK had reaffirmed...
called on the UN Security Council and the countries-guarantors to the BudapestMemorandum to ensure a peaceful solution to the problem and to avoid a further...
nuclear weapons. BudapestMemorandum registered in the UN as an international treaty. Yost, David (May 2015). "The Budapestmemorandum and Russia's Itervention...
States, known as the BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances. China and France also made statements in support of the memorandum. The threat of nuclear...
States and United Kingdom accused Russia of breaking the terms of the BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances, by which Russia, the US, and the UK had reaffirmed...
Sevastopol City within independent Ukraine. In 1994, Russia signed the BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances, which states that it would "Respect Belarusian...
Budapest Declaration could refer to: BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances of 1994, regarding Ukraine International Union of Food Science and Technology...
replenished for a future advance. Russia was a signatory to the 1994 BudapestMemorandum political agreement, providing security assurances to Ukraine. Russia...
adoption of the Energy Charter Treaty Transit Protocol. In 1994, the BudapestMemorandum was signed where Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States...
followed by test a year later in September 2017. As part of the BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances in 1994, the country of Ukraine surrendered...
Ukraine. At that time, Russia, the UK, and the USA agreed in the BudapestMemorandum to uphold Ukraine's territorial integrity. In 1999, Russia signed...
sponsored by the United States. Even though Russia had signed the Budapestmemorandum in 1994 that said that Ukraine was to hand over nuclear weapons in...
Multi-Vector Policy First term (1994–1999) Constitution Denuclearisation BudapestMemorandum United States v. Lazarenko Monetary reform (1996) Russian–Ukrainian...
with the Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction programme. The BudapestMemorandum, which was co-written by Kozyrev, provided security assurances to...
(from 16 June) 5 December – The BudapestMemorandum on Security Assurances was signed at the OSCE conference in Budapest, Hungary. 5 January - Igor Boelza...
countries which guaranteed Ukraine's territorial unity according to the BudapestMemorandum; she called for action to stop what she called the "Russian aggression"...
with the Nunn–Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction programme. The BudapestMemorandum provided security assurances to the three ex-Soviet countries Ukraine...
conclusions on the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the BudapestMemorandum on international security guarantees, and the human rights and humanitarian...
Global Information
Wikisource
