The brown howler (Alouatta guariba), also known as brown howler monkey, is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey that lives in forests in south-eastern Brazil and far north-eastern Argentina (Misiones).[1][2] It lives in groups of two to 11 individuals.[3] Despite the name "brown howler", it is notably variable in colour, with some individuals appearing largely reddish-orange or black.[4]
The two subspecies are:[1]
Northern brown howler (A. g. guariba), listed as critically endangered
Southern brown howler (A. g. clamitans)
^ abcGroves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 149. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
^ abJerusalinsky, L.; Bicca-Marques, J.C.; Neves, L.G.; Alves, S.L.; Ingberman, B.; Buss, G.; Fries, B.G.; Alonso, A.C.; da Cunha, R.G.T.; Miranda, J.M.D.; Talebi, M.; de Melo, F.R.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Cortes-Ortíz, L. (2021). "Alouatta guariba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T39916A190417874. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39916A190417874.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^Emmons, Louise & Feer, Francois (1997). Neotropical Rainforest Mammals.
^Gregorin, R. (2006). (in Portuguese) Taxonomia e variação geográfica das espécies do gênero Alouatta Lacépède (Primates, Atelidae) no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Zool. 23(1).
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