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Bracket polynomial information


In the mathematical field of knot theory, the bracket polynomial (also known as the Kauffman bracket) is a polynomial invariant of framed links. Although it is not an invariant of knots or links (as it is not invariant under type I Reidemeister moves), a suitably "normalized" version yields the famous knot invariant called the Jones polynomial. The bracket polynomial plays an important role in unifying the Jones polynomial with other quantum invariants. In particular, Kauffman's interpretation of the Jones polynomial allows generalization to invariants of 3-manifolds.

The bracket polynomial was discovered by Louis Kauffman in 1987.

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Bracket polynomial

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mathematical field of knot theory, the bracket polynomial (also known as the Kauffman bracket) is a polynomial invariant of framed links. Although it...

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Jones polynomial

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bracket polynomial is a Laurent polynomial in the variable A {\displaystyle A} with integer coefficients. First, we define the auxiliary polynomial (also...

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Knot polynomial

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knots in knot polynomials. Alexander polynomial Bracket polynomial HOMFLY polynomial Jones polynomial Kauffman polynomial Graph polynomial, a similar class...

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Louis Kauffman

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best known for the introduction and development of the bracket polynomial and the Kauffman polynomial. Kauffman was valedictorian of his graduating class...

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Bracket ring

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the bracket ring is the subring of the ring of polynomials k[x11,...,xdn] generated by the d-by-d minors of a generic d-by-n matrix (xij). The bracket ring...

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List of knot theory topics

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Jones polynomial. Also known as the Kauffman bracket. Conway polynomial uses Skein relations. Homfly polynomial or HOMFLYPT polynomial. Jones polynomial assigns...

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Kauffman polynomial

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Jones polynomial is a special case of the Kauffman polynomial, as the L polynomial specializes to the bracket polynomial. The Kauffman polynomial is related...

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Classical orthogonal polynomials

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orthogonal polynomials are the most widely used orthogonal polynomials: the Hermite polynomials, Laguerre polynomials, Jacobi polynomials (including as...

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Differential algebra

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solutions, similarly as polynomial algebras are used for the study of algebraic varieties, which are solution sets of systems of polynomial equations. Weyl algebras...

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Macdonald polynomials

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In mathematics, Macdonald polynomials Pλ(x; t,q) are a family of orthogonal symmetric polynomials in several variables, introduced by Macdonald in 1987...

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Bisection method

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bisection method into efficient algorithms for finding all real roots of a polynomial; see Real-root isolation. The method is applicable for numerically solving...

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Nilsequence

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\{\{x\}\}} of the variable in the circle group occur, under the name "bracket polynomials". Since the theory is in the setting of Lipschitz functions, which...

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Mathematics of cyclic redundancy checks

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on division in the ring of polynomials over the finite field GF(2) (the integers modulo 2), that is, the set of polynomials where each coefficient is either...

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Alexander polynomial

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In mathematics, the Alexander polynomial is a knot invariant which assigns a polynomial with integer coefficients to each knot type. James Waddell Alexander...

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History of knot theory

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the Jones polynomial in 1984. This led to other knot polynomials such as the bracket polynomial, HOMFLY polynomial, and Kauffman polynomial. Jones was...

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Lie algebra

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{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} together with an operation called the Lie bracket, an alternating bilinear map g × g → g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}\times...

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HOMFLY polynomial

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theory, the HOMFLY polynomial or HOMFLYPT polynomial, sometimes called the generalized Jones polynomial, is a 2-variable knot polynomial, i.e. a knot invariant...

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Factor theorem

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factor theorem connects polynomial factors with polynomial roots. Specifically, if f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} is a polynomial, then x − a {\displaystyle...

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Polynomial evaluation

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In mathematics and computer science, polynomial evaluation refers to computation of the value of a polynomial when its indeterminates are substituted for...

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Khovanov homology

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Jones polynomial. It was developed in the late 1990s by Mikhail Khovanov. To any link diagram D representing a link L, we assign the Khovanov bracket [D]...

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Canonical quantization

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result now is obtained by writing the same polynomial of degree four as a Poisson bracket of polynomials of degree three in two different ways. Specifically...

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Zhegalkin polynomial

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Zhegalkin (also Žegalkin, Gégalkine or Shegalkin) polynomials (Russian: полиномы Жегалкина), also known as algebraic normal form, are a representation...

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Nilmanifold

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nilmanifolds to additive combinatorics: the so-called bracket polynomials, or generalised polynomials, seem to be important in the development of higher-order...

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Gaussian binomial coefficient

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Gaussian binomial coefficients (also called Gaussian coefficients, Gaussian polynomials, or q-binomial coefficients) are q-analogs of the binomial coefficients...

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