In algebra, the factor theorem connects polynomial factors with polynomial roots. Specifically, if is a polynomial, then is a factor of if and only if (that is, is a root of the polynomial). The theorem is a special case of the polynomial remainder theorem.[1][2]
The theorem results from basic properties of addition and multiplication. It follows that the theorem holds also when the coefficients and the element belong to any commutative ring, and not just a field.
In particular, since multivariate polynomials can be viewed as univariate in one of their variables, the following generalization holds : If and are multivariate polynomials and is independent of , then is a factor of if and only if is the zero polynomial.
^Sullivan, Michael (1996), Algebra and Trigonometry, Prentice Hall, p. 381, ISBN 0-13-370149-2
^Sehgal, V K; Gupta, Sonal, Longman ICSE Mathematics Class 10, Dorling Kindersley (India), p. 119, ISBN 978-81-317-2816-1.
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