This article is about the family of punctuation marks. For other uses, see Bracket (disambiguation).
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Brackets
( )
[ ]
{ }
⟨ ⟩
Brackets (BE) or parentheses (AE) or round brackets (BE)[1]
Brackets (AE) or square brackets (BE)[1]
Braces (BE&AE) or curly brackets (BE)[1]
Angle brackets (BE&AE)[1] or chevrons [2]
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings.[3] They come in four main pairs of shapes, as given in the box to the right, which also gives their names, that vary between British and American English.[1] "Brackets", without further qualification, are in British English the (…) marks and in American English the […] marks.[1][3]
Other minor bracket shapes exist, such as (for example) slash or diagonal brackets used by linguists to enclose phonemes.[4]
Brackets are typically deployed in symmetric pairs, and an individual bracket may be identified as a 'left' or 'right' bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket",[5] respectively, depending on the directionality of the context.
In casual writing and in technical fields such as computing or linguistic analysis of grammar, brackets nest, with segments of bracketed material containing embedded within them other further bracketed sub-segments.[3] The number of opening brackets matches the number of closing brackets in such cases.[3]
Various forms of brackets are used in mathematics, with specific mathematical meanings, often for denoting specific mathematical functions and subformulas.
^ abcdefPointon & Clark 2014, p. 406.
^"What Are Angle Brackets ( < ) and How do You Use Them?". 16 March 2022.
^ abcdMcArthur & McArthur 2005.
^Peters 2007, p. 101.
^"Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm". Unicode Technical Reports. Unicode Consortium. § 3.1.3 Paired Brackets. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
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