Brachypodium P.Beauv. 1812 not Brid. 1826 (a bryophyte)
Type species
Brachypodium pinnatum
(L.) P.Beauv.[1][2]
Synonyms[4]
Disticheia Ehrh.
Trachynia Link
Brevipodium Á.Löve & D.Löve
Brachypodium is a genus of plants in the grass family, widespread across much of Africa, Eurasia, and Latin America.[5][6][7][8][9][10] The genus is classified in its own tribe Brachypodieae.[11]
Flimsy upright stems form tussocks. Flowers appear in compact spike-like racemes with 5-25 flowers on each short-stalked spikelet in summer. Leaves are flat or curved.[12][13]
According to a study published in 2010, there is evidence of Brachypodium and cattail (Typha spp.) residues occurring on prehistoric human grinding tools dated 28,000 years ago from Bilancino in central Italy.[14] Another contemporaneously published study stated that the grain residues resemble Brachypodium, based on a comparison to two modern specimens: "Among these, the grains, which are slightly angular, with hardly visible centric, point-shaped hila and adequate dimensions (in the sample measuring 9–14 μm), appeared very similar to those of Brachypodium or related genera."[15]
Species[4][16]
Brachypodium × ambrosii - Spain
Brachypodium × apollinaris - Spain
Brachypodium arbusculum - Canary Islands
Brachypodium bolusii - Lesotho, South Africa
Brachypodium × cugnacii - Denmark, Ireland, France, Czech Republic
Brachypodium × diazii - Spain
Brachypodium distachyon - Mediterranean, Sahara, Sahel, southwest Asia from Portugal + Cape Verde to Sudan + Ukraine + Tibet
Brachypodium firmifolium - Cyprus
Brachypodium flexum - Africa from Sierra Leone to KwaZulu-Natal + Madagascar
Brachypodium humbertianum - Madagascar
Brachypodium kawakamii - Taiwan
Brachypodium kotschyi - Turkey
Brachypodium madagascariense - Madagascar
Brachypodium mexicanum - Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia
Brachypodium perrieri - Madagascar
Brachypodium phoenicoides - Mediterranean from Portugal + Morocco to Greece
Brachypodium pinnatum - Africa + Eurasia from Ireland + Morocco to China + Yakutia
Brachypodium retusum - Mediterranean + nearby areas from Portugal + Morocco to Ethiopia + Caucasus
Brachypodium sylvaticum - Africa + Eurasia from Ireland + Morocco to Korea + New Guinea
formerly included[4]
numerous species once considered members of Brachypodium but now considered better suited to other genera: Agropyron Anthosachne Arundinella Brachyelytrum Brachysteleum Catapodium Cutandia Distichlis Elymus Festuca Festucopsis Lolium Micropyrum Poa Ptychomitrium Rostraria Triticum Vulpia
^lectotype designated by Niles & Chase, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24: 196 (1925)
^Tropicos, Brachypodium P. Beauv.
^painting by the Swedish botanist C. A. M. Lindman (1856–1928), taken from his book(s) Bilder ur Nordens Flora (first edition published 1901–1905, supplemented edition 1917–1926?).
^ abcKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie François Joseph. 1812. Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie 100-101 in Latin
^Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie François Joseph. 1812. Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie plante XIX (19), figure III (3 a-f) line drawings of Brachypodium pinnatum
^Flora of China, Vol. 22 Page 368 短柄草族 duan bing cao zu Poaceae Tribe Brachypodieae
^Flora of Pakistan, Brachypodium P. Beauv.
^Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Brachypodium
^Sanbi Red List of South African Plants
^Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. hdl:10261/240149. ISSN 1674-4918.
^Watson L, Dallwitz MJ. (2008). "The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references". The Grass Genera of the World. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
^Lord, Tony (2003) Flora : The Gardener's Bible : More than 20,000 garden plants from around the world. London: Cassell. ISBN 0-304-36435-5
^Callaway, Ewen (October 18, 2010). "Stone Age flour found across Europe". naturenews. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
^Revedin, Anna; et al. (November 2, 2010). "Thirty thousand-year-old evidence of plant food processing". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (44): 18815–18819. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10718815R. doi:10.1073/pnas.1006993107. PMC 2973873. PMID 20956317.
Brachypodium is a genus of plants in the grass family, widespread across much of Africa, Eurasia, and Latin America. The genus is classified in its own...
Brachypodium sylvaticum, commonly known as false-brome, slender false brome or wood false brome, is a perennial grass native to Europe, Asia and Africa...
Brachypodium distachyon, commonly called purple false brome or stiff brome, is a grass species native to southern Europe, northern Africa and southwestern...
Brachypodium pinnatum, the heath false brome or tor-grass, is a species of grass with a widespread distribution in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere...
Brachypodium retusum, the Mediterranean false brome, is a species of perennial grass in the family Poaceae (true grasses). They have a self-supporting...
'Brachypodium distachyon', the purple false brome, is a species of annual grass in the family Poaceae (true grasses). They have a self-supporting growth...
Brachypodium firmifolium is a yellowish or glaucous-green perennial grass with slender erect or decumbent culms up to 45 cm high. Flowering: June–July...
ISBN 978-1-4381-0941-1. p. 132–. John P. Vogel. Genetics and Genomics of Brachypodium. Springer; 17 February 2016. ISBN 978-3-319-26944-3. p. 315–. Mauseth...
sequencing of some other relatively small genomes, of rice (Oryza sativa) and Brachypodium distachyon, has made them important model species for understanding the...
NVC community CG5 (Bromus erectus - Brachypodium pinnatum grassland) is one of the calcicolous grassland communities in the British National Vegetation...
identify loci important in both biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Brachypodium distachyon is an experimental model grass that has many attributes that...
NVC community CG4 (Brachypodium pinnatum grassland) is one of the calcicolous grassland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system...
species of annual grasses that contribute to a fire's spreading. Examples: Brachypodium Calamagrostis Chionochloa Deschampsia Festuca Heteropogon (tropical climates)...
nodorum – in that case to retard spore production. The model cereal Brachypodium distachyon – used as a research substitute for wheat and other production...
fairy flax, cats-ear, and black bog rush. There is a fine example of Brachypodium-rich ash woodland at Tokavaig in Sleat incorporating silver birch, hazel...
many cereals are syntenic and thus plants such as rice or the grass Brachypodium could be used as a model to find genes or genetic markers of interest...
Taiwan. The larvae of this species feeds on grasses, hairgrass, and Brachypodium kawakamii, and the adults are active from late summer to early autumn...
dormancy and light quality effects on germination in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon". New Phytologist. 193 (2): 376–386. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137...
plant, that uses the C4 pathway by studying the C4 plants maize and Brachypodium. As rice is the world's most important human food—it is the staple food...
thousand animal species, five thousand of which are insects. Tor-grass (Brachypodium pinnatum) Service tree of Fontainebleau (Sorbus latifolia), which is...
woods. It tends to grow on south-facing grassy slopes, among Bromus and Brachypodium grasses. In France it is often found on roadsides. In the United Kingdom...
Flowering Locus C Homolog Is a Vernalization-Regulated Repressor in Brachypodium and Is Cold Regulated in Wheat1[OPEN]". Plant Physiology. 173 (2): 1301–1315...
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