The Borneo elephant, also called the Bornean elephant or the Borneo pygmy elephant, is a subspecies of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) that inhabits northeastern Borneo, in Indonesia and Malaysia. Its origin remains the subject of debate. A definitive subspecific classification as Elephas maximus borneensis awaits a detailed range-wide morphometric and genetic study. Since 1986, the Asian elephant has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List as the population has declined by at least 50% over the last three generations, estimated to be 60–75 years. It is pre-eminently threatened by loss, degradation and fragmentation of habitat.[1]
The Sultan of Sulu was thought to have introduced captive elephants to Borneo in the 18th century, which were released into the jungle.[2] Comparison of the Borneo elephant population to putative source populations in DNA analysis indicates that the Borneo elephants more likely derived from Sundaic stock and are indigenous to Borneo, rather than having been introduced by humans. The genetic divergence of Borneo elephants warrants their recognition as a separate evolutionarily significant unit.[3]
^Choudhury, A.; Lahiri Choudhury, D.K.; Desai, A.; Duckworth, J.W.; Easa, P.S.; Johnsingh, A.J.T.; Fernando, P.; Hedges, S.; Gunawardena, M. & Kurt, F. (2008). "Elephas maximus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T7140A12828813.
^Cite error: The named reference Cranbrook08 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Fernando03 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
The Borneoelephant, also called the Bornean elephant or the Borneo pygmy elephant, is a subspecies of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) that inhabits...
south, and to Borneo in the east. Three subspecies are recognised—E. m. maximus, E. m. indicus and E. m. sumatranus. The Asian elephant is characterised...
in the northeastern part of Borneo holds that the Borneoelephants that currently live in the wild there, and the elephants that formerly lived in the...
and HUTAN-KOCP founded the “BorneoElephant Zoo Alliance” with the goal of ensuring long-term survival of the Bornean elephant in the wild. The alliance...
Borneo elephant, such as the many species of birds and mammals, which are endemic for the island. Bornean tiger Borneoelephant Biodiversity of Borneo Flora...
Borneo (/ˈbɔːrnioʊ/; also known as Kalimantan in the Indonesian language) is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of 748,168 km2 (288,869 sq mi)...
Elephants in Kerala culture Sri Lankan elephant Sumatran elephantBorneoelephant Javan elephant List of individual elephants "fossilworks". Archived from the...
The Borneo lowland rain forests is an ecoregion, within the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome, of the large island of Borneo in Southeast...
African elephants are members of the genus Loxodonta comprising two living elephant species, the African bush elephant (L. africana) and the smaller African...
unknown url "Indian ElephantElephant". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2020-09-21.unknown url "Sri Lankan Elephant". IUCN Red List of Threatened...
the end of 2000, 391 elephants were kept in the centres, and a few more in zoos, safari parks and tourist areas. Borneoelephant Shoshani, J. (2005)....
Asian elephant E. m. maximus Sri Lankan elephant E. m. indicus Indian elephant E. m. sumatranus Sumatran elephant E. m. borneensis Borneoelephant Elephantidae...
estimated body mass of around 400 kilograms (880 lb). Paleontology portal Borneoelephant "The Pygmy Mammoth (U.S. National Park Service)". Athanassiou, A.;...
home to endemic, critically endangered species such as the Borneo orangutans, Borneoelephant, and Bornean leaf monkey. In recent years, palm oil plantations...
elephant Elephas maximus borneensis – Borneoelephant, proposed but not yet recognized as valid The following Asian elephants were proposed as extinct subspecies...
content. SOS Elephants is a non-profit foundation, established in July 2011 by the Pombia Safari Park, to promote the conservation of Borneoelephant. Its mission...
Australasian-influenced zoogeographical region (Wallacea). The line runs between Borneo and Sulawesi; and between Bali and Lombok. Although the distance from Bali...
The mammal species of Borneo include 288 species of terrestrial and 91 species of marine mammals recorded within the territorial boundaries of Brunei,...
The elephant trunk snake or the Javan file snake (Acrochordus javanicus), is a species of snake in the family Acrochordidae, a family which represents...
bush elephant Asian elephant Indian pangolin Golden-rumped sengi Nicobar treeshrew Subspecies Borneoelephant Indian elephant Sri Lankan elephant Florida...
Deforestation in Borneo has taken place on an industrial scale since the 1960s. Borneo, the third largest island in the world, divided between Indonesia...
Although Ganesha has many attributes, he is readily identified by his elephant head and four arms. He is widely revered, more specifically, as the remover...
leopards, sunbears, and Sunda otter civet as the primary predators. Borneoelephants are also found there, along with Bornean orangutans, Mueller's gibbons...
The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is native to Sri Lanka and one of three recognised subspecies of the Asian elephant. It is the type subspecies...
monkey, white-headed capuchin 13 Borneo: Island in the Clouds 1 February 1998 John Shrapnel Proboscis monkey, Borneoelephant, Sumatran rhinoceros, orangutan...
which are highly endangered. The three largest mammals of Sabah – the Borneoelephant, Bornean rhinoceros (a subspecies of the Sumatran rhinoceros) and tembadau...
The island of Borneo is located on the Sunda Shelf, which is an extensive region in Southeast Asia of immense importance in terms of biodiversity, biogeography...
known as the Bornean bay cat, is a small wild cat endemic to the island of Borneo that appears to be relatively rare compared to sympatric wild cats, based...
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