For the naming system used by biologists, see Binomial nomenclature.
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations.(November 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
The binomial system (Spanish: Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the legislative elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013.[1]
From an electoral system point of view, the binomial system is in effect the D'Hondt method with an open list where every constituency returns two (hence the name) representatives to the legislative body. The fact that only two candidates are elected in each district results in the peculiarity where the second most supported list is over-represented. Its use was prescribed in the respective constitutional organic law during the Pinochet regime.
The binomial system was invented in Poland in the 1980s under the Wojciech Jaruzelski regime, in order to foster political stability in the democratization process, maintaining the preeminence of the Polish United Workers' Party against the rise of the opposition movement Solidarity, being recognized as a system that promoted consensus and negotiation between opposing sides of government.[2]
The binomial system was considered by most analysts as the main constitutional lock that prevented completion of the Chilean transition to democracy.[3]
^"Electoral reform in Chile: Tie breaker". The Economist. 14 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
^Maira, Luis (2001). «El amarre institucional del General Pinochet y las restricciones de la transición chilena». En Labastida, Julio; Camou, Antonio. Globalización, identidad y democracia: México y América Latina (I edición). México: Siglo Veintiuno Editores. p. 94. ISBN 968-23-2300-2.
^Huneeus, Carlos. "Chile: A System Frozen by Elite Interests" (PDF). International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
The binomial system (Spanish: Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the legislative elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013. From an...
options Binomialvoting system, a voting system used in the parliamentary elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013 List of factorial and binomial topics...
first-past-the-post (FPTP), instant-runoff voting (IRV), block voting, and ranked-vote block voting – one party or voting bloc can take all the seats in a district...
where each voter casts just one vote in a multi-seat district is known as single non-transferable voting. Plurality voting is widely used throughout the...
The term ranked voting, also known as preferential voting or ranked-choice voting, pertains to any voting system where voters indicate a rank to order...
Different voting systems allow each voter to cast a different number of votes - only one (single voting as in First-past-the-post voting, Single non-transferable...
Plurality block voting is a non-proportional voting system for electing representatives in multi-winner elections. Each voter may cast as many votes as the number...
first-past-the-post voting, plurality block voting, the two-round (runoff) system and ranked voting (STV or Instant-runoff voting). Mixed systems and...
Proxy voting is a form of voting whereby a member of a decision-making body may delegate their voting power to a representative, to enable a vote in absence...
voters to study and vote on a public policy, while Deliberative opinion polling invites a random sample to deliberate together before voting on a policy. Andranik...
Approval voting is a single-winner electoral system in which voters can select any number of candidates instead of selecting only one. Approval voting ballots...
to be voted for. One important implication of the possible existence of the voting paradox in a practical situation is that in a two-stage voting process...
top candidate). By contrast, instant-runoff voting and single transferable voting use Ranked-choice voting (similarly to the Borda count), but in those...
score runoff voting (SRV). The runoff step was introduced in order to reduce strategic incentives in ordinary score voting, such as bullet voting and tactical...
categories of voting systems. There are several voting systems that allow independent ratings of each candidate. For example: Score voting systems, where...
Electronic voting is voting that uses electronic means to either aid or take care of casting and counting ballots including voting time. Depending on...
the original on 2022-09-14. then the vote shall be performed using either a Condorcet voting system or a score voting system, as the participants shall decide...
Parallel voting is a type of mixed electoral system in which representatives are voted into a single chamber using two or more different systems, most...
Cumulative voting (also accumulation voting, weighted voting or multi-voting) is a multiple-winner method intended to promote more proportional representation...
The Schulze method (/ˈʃʊltsə/) is a single winner ranked-choice voting rule developed by Markus Schulze. It is also known as the beatpath method. The Schulze...
Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election....
where the voting system allows for the selection of multiple winners at once. Block voting falls under the multiple non-transferable vote category, a...
cumulative (more than one vote for one candidate possible) ranked (ordinal voting) score (cardinal voting) Number of votes/voter Number of tiers: number...
Score voting, sometimes called range voting, is an electoral system for single-seat elections. Voters give each candidate a numerical score, and the candidate...