(1934-02-24)24 February 1934 Milan, Kingdom of Italy
Died
19 January 2000(2000-01-19) (aged 65) Hammamet, Tunisia
Political party
Italian Socialist Party
Spouse
Anna Maria Moncini
(m. 1959)
Children
Bobo Craxi Stefania Craxi
Signature
Benedetto "Bettino" Craxi (UK: /ˈkræksi/KRAK-see,[1]Italian:[betˈtiːnoˈkraksi], Sicilian:[ˈkɾaʃʃɪ];[2] 24 February 1934 – 19 January 2000)[3] was an Italian politician, leader of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) from 1976 to 1993, and the 45th prime minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987. He was the first PSI member to become prime minister and the second from a socialist party to hold the office. He led the third-longest government in the Italian Republic and he is considered one of the most powerful and prominent politicians of the First Italian Republic.[4]
Craxi was involved in investigations conducted by Mani pulite judges in Milan, eventually being convicted for political corruption and illicit financing of the PSI.[5] He always rejected the charges of corruption while admitting to the illegal funding that permitted costly political activity, the PSI being less financially powerful than the two larger parties, Christian Democracy (DC) and the Italian Communist Party (PCI).[6] Craxi's government and party were also supported by future Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, a media magnate and personal friend of Craxi.[7][8]
Craxi maintained strong links with many leaders of the Western European left, including François Mitterrand, Felipe González, Andreas Papandreou, and Mário Soares, and was one of the main representatives Western European socialism.[9][10][11] Craxi's supporters especially praised his foreign policy, which was assertive and often led to confrontations with the United States, on issues such as Palestinian territories, terrorism, and Craxi's close relations with Arab socialist governments.[12]
Craxi was often nicknamed by his detractors il Cinghialone ("The Big Boar") due to his physical size.[13][14] This name was given him by his long-time ally and rival at the same time, DC leader Giulio Andreotti.[15]
^"Craxi". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
^"Craxi". Dizionario d'Ortografia e di Pronuncia. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
^Profile of Bettino Craxi
^I tre più potenti? Agnelli, Craxi e De Mita
^Craxi, tutti i processi e le condanne
^Bettino Craxi, discorso sul finanziamento politico, Camera dei Deputati, 3 luglio 1992
^Scarano, Angelo (19 January 2017). "Craxi, il ricordo di Berlusconi: "Mi manca, simbolo di dignità"". il Giorniale (in Italian). Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^Berlusconi, 20 anni fa la discesa in campo. Con la regia di Craxi e Dell'Utri
^Tobias Apse, "Italy: A New Agenda" in "Mapping the West European Left", edited by Perry Anderson and Patrick Camiller, 1994, pp. 189-233
^Craxi, González y Soares coinciden en que la incorporación de España y Portugal supone un nuevo impulso para la CEE
^La politica estera di Bettino Craxi nel Mediterraneo: dalla segreteria al governo.
^"Craxi, Benedetto (Bettino)" in Mark Gilbert, Robert K. Nilsson, "The A to Z of Modern Italy", pp. 119-120, 2010
^E Feltri esaltava Di Pietro contro il Cinghialone
^Io che azzannai il Cinghialone e non vidi gli orrori dei giudici
^"Le lettere inedite di Craxi, così pregavano "il Cinghialone"". Archived from the original on 18 August 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
prominence in the 1980s when its leader BettinoCraxi served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987. Under Craxi, the PSI severed the residual ties with...
and his wedding was a notable social event. One of his best men was BettinoCraxi, a former prime minister and leader of the Italian Socialist Party....
surname include: BettinoCraxi (1934–2000), Italian politician Bobo Craxi (born 1964), Italian politician, son of Bettino Stefania Craxi (born 1960), Italian...
Socialist Party (PSI), led by BettinoCraxi, became more and more critical of the Communists and of the Soviet Union; Craxi himself pushed in favour of...
1980s, including supposed "favour exchanges" between Berlusconi and BettinoCraxi, the former Socialist prime minister and leader of the Italian Socialist...
the aftermath of a political rupture between Italian Prime Minister BettinoCraxi and U.S. President Ronald Reagan about the fate of Palestinian terrorists...
Anastasia Craxi (born 25 October 1960) is an Italian politician, daughter of the former Italian Prime Minister BettinoCraxi and sister of Bobo Craxi. Stefania...
Spadolini of the PRI and BettinoCraxi of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), and thus the PCI remained out of the government. About Craxi, Berlinguer said: "The...
Stefano Caldoro. Most of the party's members are former followers of BettinoCraxi, who was convicted for corruption and whom New Socialists often portray...
when the Christian Democrat Arnaldo Forlani and Socialist Secretary BettinoCraxi signed an agreement with the blessing of Giulio Andreotti. As the agreement...
first Cabinet of BettinoCraxi, despite the long-lasting personal antagonism between the two men which had occurred earlier on; Craxi was the first Socialist...
Michele Craxi, commonly known as Bobo Craxi (born 6 August 1964), is an Italian politician, son of the former Italian Prime Minister BettinoCraxi and brother...
minister BettinoCraxi became the main figure of the scandal and defended himself by saying that all parties did what he was accused for; Craxi, who fled...
when the Christian Democrat Arnaldo Forlani and Socialist Secretary BettinoCraxi signed an agreement with the "blessing" of Giulio Andreotti. Because...
political ideology based on the thought of Italian socialist leader BettinoCraxi, who was Prime Minister of Italy during the 1980s. Craxism was the informal...
latter causing his resignation in June 1981. In 1981, together with BettinoCraxi and Giulio Andreotti, he promoted the Pentapartito, the political coalition...
candidates with the best percentages were elected. On 16 July 1976, BettinoCraxi was elected to the vacant Italian Socialist Party chairman position...
Bombieri, as well as the former Prime Ministers Silvio Berlusconi and BettinoCraxi. The university has also been affiliated with notable faculty such as...
Holdings from 1980 to 1983. He then became Minister of Work in 1986 (with BettinoCraxi as President of the Council). His career however reached the top with...
Senate to 55 and 25, respectively. The "long wave" (onda lunga) of BettinoCraxi's now centrist-oriented Italian Socialist Party, which in the past elections...
while the PSI gained ground. On 4 August 1983, the socialist leader BettinoCraxi succeeded Fanfani at the head of the government. De Mita accused Fanfani...
Democrat Premiers: the republican Giovanni Spadolini and the socialist BettinoCraxi; the Christian Democracy remained however the main force supporting...
alliance between the PR and the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), led by BettinoCraxi at the time. A few years later, in 1985, the MFR was merged into the...
Socialist Party (PSI), led by BettinoCraxi, became more and more critical of the Communists and of the Soviet Union; Craxi himself pushed in favour of...
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