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The Bessel ellipsoid (or Bessel 1841) is an important reference ellipsoid of geodesy. It is currently used by several countries for their national geodetic surveys, but will be replaced in the next decades by modern ellipsoids of satellite geodesy.
The Bessel ellipsoid was derived in 1841 by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, based on several arc measurements and other data of continental geodetic networks of Europe, Russia and the British Survey of India. It is based on 10 meridian arcs and 38 precise measurements of the astronomic latitude and longitude (see also astro geodesy). The dimensions of the Earth ellipsoid axes were defined by logarithms in keeping with former calculation methods.
The Besselellipsoid (or Bessel 1841) is an important reference ellipsoid of geodesy. It is currently used by several countries for their national geodetic...
importance: the Besselellipsoid of 1841, the international Hayford ellipsoid of 1924, and (for GPS positioning) the WGS84 ellipsoid. There are two types...
named Bessel functions after Bessel's death, though they had originally been discovered by Daniel Bernoulli before being generalised by Bessel. Bessel was...
Bessel may refer to: Bessel beam BesselellipsoidBessel function in mathematics Bessel's inequality in mathematics Bessel's correction in statistics....
predecessors, such as the Besselellipsoid (a = 6377397 m, f = 1:299.15), which was a European ellipsoid, the Hayford ellipsoid also included measurements...
in ellipsoidal coordinates, are separable. Here is how he recounted his discovery to his friend and neighbor Bessel (Jacobi 1839, Letter to Bessel), The...
and cartography at the time: the Besselellipsoid and the Mercator projection. Its measurements used the Besselellipsoid as an approximation of the Earth's...
normally refers to the Besselellipsoid. A further datum of interest was ED50 (European Datum 1950) based on the Hayford ellipsoid. ED50 was part of the...
Black Sea, the Struve Geodetic Arc. Bessel compiled several meridian arcs, to compute the famous Besselellipsoid (1841). Nowadays, the method is replaced...
Earth. In the mid-1800s the Besselellipsoid of 1841 or the Clarke ellipsoid of 1866 were widely used; the Hayford ellipsoid of 1910 may later have been...
de facto geodetic system. The datum of that system was based on the Besselellipsoid, with an accurate determination of the geodetic coordinates at the...
great many model ellipsoids such as Plessis 1817, Airy 1830, Bessel 1841, Everest 1830, and Clarke 1866. A comprehensive list of ellipsoids is given under...
latitude ϕ. It was introduced by Legendre and Bessel who solved problems for geodesics on the ellipsoid by transforming them to an equivalent problem...
{\displaystyle D,\,\!} is the minimum distance along the surface of sphere/ellipsoid calculated between two points, P 1 {\displaystyle P_{1}\,\!} and P 2 {\displaystyle...
compression of a circle or sphere along a diameter to form an ellipse or an ellipsoid of revolution (spheroid) respectively. Other terms used are ellipticity...
the Equator, the flattening of the Earth ellipsoid was assumed to be 1/334. In 1841, Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel using the method of least squares calculated...
flattening of the approximative Earth ellipsoid. Gauss developed the universal transverse Mercator projection of the ellipsoidal shaped Earth (what he named conform...
length of the Paris meridian were taken into account by Bessel when he proposed his reference ellipsoid in 1841. Egyptian astronomy has ancient roots which...
an earth ellipsoid and a plane (ellipsoid plane sections). Common examples include the great ellipse (containing the center of the ellipsoid) and normal...
Parameter Value Reference EllipsoidBessel 1841 Semi Major Axis 6377397.155 m Inverse Flattening (1/f) 299.1528128 Type of Projection Gauss-Krüger (Transverse...
earth ellipsoid in toise (a large number), whereas e = 10 8.9054355 − 10 {\displaystyle e=10^{8.9054355-10}} , the eccentricity of the earth ellipsoid (a...
global ellipsoid in 1906 with an accuracy of 100 meters (0.002 percent of the Earth's radii). The US geodesist Hayford derived a global ellipsoid in ~1910...
and later, other heat source distributions, such as semi-ellipsoidal and double ellipsoidal. The governing equation for 3D transient heat transfer in...
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