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Battle of Xiangyang information


Battle of Xiangyang
Part of the Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty
Date16 October 1268 – 14 March 1273[1]
Location
Xiangyang, Hubei
Result Yuan victory
Belligerents
Southern Song dynasty

Mongol Empire

  • Yuan dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Li Tingzhi
Lü Wenhuan
Aju
Liu Zheng
Arikhgiya
Shi Tianzhe
Guo Kan
Strength
8,000 100,000
5,000 ships
100+ trebuchets
20+ counterweight trebuchets
Casualties and losses
Heavy Heavy

The Battle of Xiangyang (traditional Chinese: 襄陽之戰; simplified Chinese: 襄阳之战; pinyin: Xiāngyáng zhī zhàn) was a protracted series of battles between the Yuan dynasty and the Southern Song dynasty from 1267 to 1273. The battle was a significant victory for the Yuan dynasty and ended a 30-year defensive campaign waged by the Southern Song dynasty, allowing Yuan forces to advance into the Southern Song heartland. The capture of Xiangyang also allowed the Yuan dynasty to take control of the Han and Yangtze rivers, thereby depriving the Southern Song dynasty of two formidable natural barriers. The defeat devastated the Southern Song dynasty, which collapsed several years later at the Battle of Yamen.

The battle consisted of skirmishes, ground assault, and the siege of the twin fortified cities of Fancheng and Xiangyang in modern-day Hubei, China. Lü Wenhuan, commander-in-chief of the Southern Song dynasty, surrendered to Yuan Emperor Kublai Khan in 1273. The conventional use of Mongol cavalry was restricted by the woody terrain and numerous military outposts of the Southern Song. Chinese firearms and cannons were employed by the Yuan in the victorious siege of Fancheng after capturing the outposts and relieving Southern Song forces from Sichuan and Yuezhou, which broke through the siege but was eventually defeated. The use of the counterweight trebuchet by the Yuan proved especially effective.

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