Abram Makes the Enemies Flee Who Hold His Nephew (1613 etching by Antonio Tempesta at the National Gallery of Art)
Date
Early 2nd millennium BCE
Location
Vale of Siddim (Salt Sea)
Result
Cities of the Jordan plain freed from Mesopotamian control; Lot and captives rescued
Belligerents
Five Cities of the Plain
Sodom
Gomorrah
Admah
Zeboiim
Bela
Unaligned:
Abram's 318 elite force
Mesopotamian kingdoms
Elam
Shinar
Ellasar
Goyim
Commanders and leaders
Five Kings
King Bera
King Birsha
King Shinab
King Shemeber
King of Bela
Four Kings
King Chedorlaomer
King Amraphel
King Arioch
King Tidal
The Battle of the Vale of Siddim, also often called the War of Nine Kings or the Slaughter of Chedorlaomer, is an event in the Hebrew Bible book of Genesis 14:1–17 that occurs in the days of Abram and Lot. The Vale of Siddim was the battleground for the cities of the Jordan River plain revolting against Mesopotamian rule.
Whether this event occurred in history has been disputed by scholars.[1] According to Ronald Hendel, "The current consensus is that there is little or no historical memory of pre-Israelite events in Genesis."[2]
^Susan Brayford (2007). Genesis. Septuagint Commentary Series. BRILL. p. 293. ISBN 978-90-04-15552-7.
^Ronald Hendel (2012). "Historical Context". In Craig A. Evans; Joel N. Lohr; David L. Petersen (eds.). The Book of Genesis: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation. BRILL. p. 64. ISBN 978-90-04-22653-1. The current consensus is that there is little or no historical memory of pre-Israelite events in Genesis
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