This article is about the biblical warrior. For other uses, see Goliath (disambiguation).
David and Goliath, a color lithograph by Osmar Schindler (c. 1888)
Goliath (/ɡəˈlaɪəθ/gə-LY-əth)[a] is a Philistine warrior in the Book of Samuel. Descriptions of Goliath's immense stature vary among biblical sources, with the Masoretic Text describing him as 9 feet 9 inches (2.97 m) tall.[1] Goliath issued a challenge to the Israelites, daring them to send forth a champion to engage him in single combat; he was ultimately defeated by the young shepherd David, employing a sling and stone as a weapon. The narrative signified King Saul's unfitness to rule, as Saul himself should have fought for Israel.[2]
Modern scholars believe that the original slayer of Goliath may have been Elhanan, son of Jair, who features in 2 Samuel 21:19, in which Elhanan kills Goliath the Gittite,[3] and that the authors of the Deuteronomic history changed the original text to credit the victory to the more famous character David.[4][5]
The phrase "David and Goliath" has taken on a more popular meaning denoting an underdog situation, a contest wherein a smaller, weaker opponent faces a much bigger, stronger adversary.[6]
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^Cite error: The named reference autogenerated2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Nelson 2000, p. 519.
^Finkelstein & Silberman 2007, pp. 2, 57.
^Halpern 2003, p. 8.
^Finkelstein & Silberman 2007, p. 196.
^"David, and Goliath". Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. Retrieved 11 February 2015. "used to describe a situation in which a small or weak person or organization tries to defeat another much larger or stronger opponent: The game looks like it will be a David and Goliath contest."
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