This article is about the prehistory of the modern Basque Country. For a wider but less specific view, see Prehistoric Iberia and Prehistoric France.
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History of the Basques
Prehistory and Roman Empire
Origin of the Basques
Vasconic substratum theory
Proto-Basque language
Basque mythology
Vascones
Early Middle Ages
Duchy of Vasconia
County of Vasconia Citerior
Battle of Roncevaux Pass
Kingdom of Pamplona
Late Middle Ages
Kingdom of Navarre
Lordship of Biscay
Fueros
Kingdom of Pamplona
War of the Bands
Modern Age
Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre
Basque witch trials
Basque whaling
Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
19th century
Carlism
Carlist Wars
End of Basque home rule in Spain
End of Basque home rule in France
Basque Economic Agreement
Basque nationalism
Basque Nationalist Party
Sabino Arana Goiri
20th and 21st centuries
Basque Workers' Solidarity
Indalecio Prieto
1936 Statute of Autonomy
Bombings of Guernica and Durango
Battle of Bilbao
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
Basque conflict
1979 Statute of Autonomy
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The greater Basque Country comprises the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France. The Prehistory of the region begins with the arrival of the first hominin settlers during the Paleolithic and lasts until the conquest and colonisation of Hispania by the Romans after the Second Punic War, who introduced comprehensive administration, writing and regular recordings.[1]
Basque people are the only Western Europeans that speak a non-Indo-European language - Euskera - without having any known contemporary European ethnic or linguistic relatives.[2] A 2015 DNA study supports the idea that the Basques descend from Neolithic farmers who mixed with local hunters and were subsequently isolated for millennia.[3][4]
^"Conquest of Hispania". Heritage History. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
^"Ancient DNA cracks puzzle of Basque origins". BBC. September 7, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
^Günther, Torsten; Valdiosera, Cristina; Malmström, Helena; Ureña, Irene; Rodriguez-Varela, Ricardo; Sverrisdóttir, Óddny Osk; Daskalaki, Evangelia A.; Skoglund, Pontus; Naidoo, Thijessen; Svensson, Emma M.; Bermúdez De Castro, José María; Carbonell, Eudald; Dunn, Michael; Storå, Jan; Iriarte, Eneko; Arsuaga, Juan Luis; Carretero, José-Miguel; Götherström, Anders; Jakobsson, Mattias (July 29, 2015). "Ancient genomes link early farmers from Atapuerca in Spain to modern-day Basques". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (38). National Academy of Sciences.: 11917–11922. doi:10.1073/pnas.1509851112. PMC 4586848. PMID 26351665.
^Ellen Levy-Coffman. "We Are Not Our Ancestors: Evidence for Discontinuity between Prehistoric and Modern Europeans - The Basque: Reflections of a Paleolithic Past?" (PDF). Journal of Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
The greater Basque Country comprises the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain and the Northern Basque Country in France. The...
Basque nationalism (Basque: eusko abertzaletasuna [eus̺ko abeɾts̻aletas̺una]; Spanish: nacionalismo vasco; French: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism...
the Aquitani, spoke a language related to Basque. Although little is known about the prehistory of the Basques before the period of Roman occupation owing...
pre-Indo-European languages of Prehistoric Europe. Consequently, the prehistory of the Basque language may not be reconstructible by means of the traditional...
Jesús (ed.), "Basque Mythology", Selected writings of José Miguel de Barandiarán: Basqueprehistory and ethnography, Madrid: Center for Basque Studies, University...
in northern Spain, the largest city in the province of Biscay and in the Basque Country as a whole. It is also the largest city proper in northern Spain...
The Lordship of Biscay (Spanish: Señorío de Vizcaya, Basque: Bizkaiko jaurerria) was a region under feudal rule in the region of Biscay in the Iberian...
English spelling, Roncesvalles in Spanish, Orreaga in Basque) in 778 saw a large force of Basques ambush a part of Charlemagne's army in Roncevaux Pass...
Biscay (/ˈbɪskeɪ, ˈbɪski/ BISK-ay, BISK-ee; Basque: Bizkaia [bis̻kai.a]; Spanish: Vizcaya [biθˈkaʝa]) is a province of Spain and a historical territory...
OCLC 77097933. (in French) Manex Goyhenetche, General History of Basque country, Prehistory, Roman era, Middle Ages, Vol. 1, Elkarlanean, Donostia and Bayonne...
Iturissa Aquitanian language Proto-Basque language History of the Basque language Paleohispanic scripts Khirbet el-Qom Basque: Irulegiko eskua, Spanish: Mano...
Prehistoric religion is the religious practice of prehistoric cultures. Prehistory, the period before written records, makes up the bulk of human experience;...
Basque (/bæsk, bɑːsk/; euskara [eus̺ˈkaɾa]) is a pre-Indo-European language spoken in the Basque Country, extending over a strip along eastern areas of...
language these early Scandinavians spoke. It might have been similar to Basque, due to the distribution of the monuments by early megalith builders. Towards...
geographical area covered by present-day France which extended through prehistory and ended in the Iron Age with the Roman conquest, when the territory...
much later than Southern Europe and the Mediterranean region did during prehistory. By around 4000 BC, the island was populated by people with a Neolithic...
The Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country of 1936 (Spanish: Estatuto de Autonomía del País Vasco de 1936; Basque: 1936ko Euzkadiren Berjabetasun-Araudia)...
Prehistory in the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first Homo genus representatives from Africa, which may range from c. 1.5 million years...
Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory Santa Fe Institute, Evolution of Human Language Project Basque Etymology Database. Tower of Babel/Evolution...
The Aralar Range (Basque pronunciation: [aˈɾalar]) is a mountain range in the Basque Mountains of Southern Basque Country. The part of the range lying...
convenient. The remaining is regional prehistory, or, in most cases, protohistory, but no longer European prehistory, as a whole. Protogeometric amphora...
in Cantabria. It remains one of the most important painting cycles of prehistory, originating in the Magdalenian and Solutrean periods of the Upper Paleolithic...
The territory farther away from the Garonne was made into a county. The Basque count (also cited as duke) Aznar Sanchez led the Carolingian expedition...
Basque: Jose Miguel Barandiaran Aierbe, Spanish: José Miguel de Barandiarán y Ayerbe known as on Joxemiel Barandiaran and Aita Barandiaran, 'Father Barandiaran'...
in exchange for opportunity. One of the largest Basque communities in the US is in Boise, with a Basque museum and festival held annually in the city....
Early Iron in the valley of the Ebro" (The Europea Community in Later Prehistory. Studies in honour of C. F. C. Hawkes; Routledge & Kegan 1971, pp. 107–120)...
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