Arctic apple is the trademark for a group of patented apples that contain a nonbrowning trait (when the apples are subjected to mechanical damage, such as slicing or bruising, the apple flesh remains as its original color)[1][2] introduced through biotechnology.[3] They were developed through a process of genetic engineering by Okanagan Specialty Fruits Inc.[4][5] Specifically, gene silencing reduces the expression of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), thus delaying the onset of browning.[6] It is the first genetically engineered apple to be approved for commercial sale.[7] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015, and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Government of Canada in 2017, determined that Arctic apples are as safe and nutritious as conventional apples.[7][8]
^"Questions and Answers: Okanagan Specialty Fruits' Non-Browning Apple (Events GD743 and GS784)" (PDF). USDA APHIS. July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
^"Petition for Determination of Nonregulated Status: Arctic Apple (Malus x domestica) Events GD743 and GS784" (PDF). USDA APHIS. 21 February 2012.
^Cite error: The named reference osf-ppo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Lehnert, R. (January 15, 2011). "Firm seeks approval for transgenic apple". Good Fruit Grower. Archived from the original on July 13, 2012.
^Milkovich, M. (April 29, 2011). "Non-browning apples cause controversy". Fruit Growers News.
^James Vincent (19 January 2017). "The first GMO non-browning apples will go on sale in the US next month". The Verge. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
^ ab"Okanagan Specialty Fruits: Biotechnology Consultation Agency Response Letter BNF 000132". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. March 20, 2015. Archived from the original on October 31, 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
^"Questions and answers: Arctic Apple". Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Government of Canada. 8 September 2017. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
Arcticapple is the trademark for a group of patented apples that contain a nonbrowning trait (when the apples are subjected to mechanical damage, such...
still found. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Eurasia and were introduced to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious...
accomplishments in food engineering is in the production of Arcticapples. These apples, engineered by Okanagan Specialty Fruits Inc, are a result of...
crab-apples that had been grown in Tasmania. Another story recounted that Smith had been testing French crab-apples for cooking, and, throwing the apple cores...
the 20 years since the first shipment of apples from Australia, the Pink Lady brand replaced Granny Smith apples in the number three spot by value in the...
range of apples specifically for cooking. Worldwide, dual-purpose varieties (for both cooking and eating raw) are more widely grown. Apples can be cooked...
next Honeycrisp apple". The Gazette. Colorado Springs. Retrieved March 10, 2019. Chris Koger (December 7, 2018), "Cosmic Crisp apples to launch with $10...
subsidize apple producers to replace older trees (mainly McIntosh) with newer higher-return varieties of apples: the Honeycrisp, Gala, and Ambrosia. Apple growers...
SugarBee (CN121) is an apple cultivar grown in the elevated orchards of Washington state. The variety was discovered by Chuck Nystrom in the early 1990s...
Russet apples are varieties and cultivars of apples that regularly exhibit russeting, partial or complete coverage with rough patches of greenish-brown...
"Apple-to-apple transformation". Okanagan Specialty Fruits. Archived from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2012. "Arcticapples FAQ"...
jellies, or for higher-sugar confectionery jellies.[citation needed] Pears, apples, guavas, quince, plums, gooseberries, and oranges and other citrus fruits...
beets, papaya, squash, alfalfa, cotton, apples, and potatoes. GMO apples (arcticapples) are non-browning apples and eliminate the need for anti-browning...
'Macoun' apples are a cross between the 'McIntosh' and 'Jersey Black' cultivars. The Macoun ("Ma-cown," after the variety's namesake, Canadian horticulturalist...
cores, and 2% stems remaining after apples have been squeezed and crushed for their juice. It is also called "apple pomace flour", which contains higher...
According to the US Apple Association website it is one of the fifteen most popular apple cultivars in the United States. Apples can be preserved by short...
Arctic Monkeys are an English rock band formed in Sheffield in 2002. The group consists of lead singer Alex Turner, drummer Matt Helders, guitarist Jamie...
take cuttings from the tree and start to sell the apples. Bramley agreed but insisted that the apples should bear his name. On 31 October 1862, the first...
apple in most places. Because of its harsh flavour and hard texture, the apples were often baked in ashes. The tree is very hardy and the fruit has a good...
30–40% more than an average apple. The fruit are red on the outside and inside, with a white line in the middle. The apples are sold as a protected, trade-marked...
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