Grammatical category indicating truth or falsehood
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation (abbreviated AFF) and negation (NEG) are ways in which grammar encodes positive and negative polarity into verb phrases, clauses, or other utterances. An affirmative (positive) form is used to express the validity or truth of a basic assertion, while a negative form expresses its falsity. For example, the affirmative sentence "Joe is here" asserts that it is true that Joe is currently located near the speaker. Conversely, the negative sentence "Joe is not here" asserts that it is not true that Joe is currently located near the speaker.
The grammatical category associated with affirmatives and negatives is called polarity. This means that a clause, sentence, verb phrase, etc. may be said to have either affirmative or negative polarity (its polarity may be either affirmative or negative). Affirmative is typically the unmarked polarity, whereas a negative statement is marked in some way. Negative polarity can be indicated by negating words or particles such as the English not, or the Japanese affix -nai, or by other means, which reverses the meaning of the predicate. The process of converting affirmative to negative is called negation – the grammatical rules for negation vary from language to language, and a given language may have multiple methods of negation.
Affirmative and negative responses (specifically, though not exclusively, to questions) are often expressed using particles or words such as yes and no, where yes is the affirmative, or positive particle, and no is the negation, or negative particle.
and 29 Related for: Affirmation and negation information
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation (abbreviated AFF) andnegation (NEG) are ways in which grammar encodes positive and negative polarity into verb...
Look up affirmation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Affirmation or affirm may refer to: Affirmation, a declaration that something is true In logic...
that is associated with affirmation or negation. An affirmation is a positive polarity item, abbreviated PPI or AFF. A negation is a negative polarity...
negation of a proposition P {\displaystyle P} is the proposition whose proofs are the refutations of P {\displaystyle P} . An operand of a negation is...
and history, did not seek refuge in 'a Buddhistic negation of the will,' as Schopenhauer did, but instead created tragedies in which life is affirmed...
in colloquial Brazilian Portuguese. Spoken Portuguese rarely uses the affirmation adverb sim ("yes") in informal speech. Instead, the usual reply is a...
affirmative contexts Affirmationandnegation, also known as grammatical polarity Sexual polarity, a concept of dualism between masculine and feminine Polarity...
saying ບໍ່ (bo [bɔ̄ː]), andnegation simply involves placing that word in front of the verb, adjective, adverb, or noun to be negated. To say yes, especially...
affirming that Socrates is not ill. This trend may go back to Frege although his notation for negation is ambiguous between asserting a negationand denying...
thought in Latin". Affirmationandnegation Thumb signal Translation Untranslatability Holmberg, Anders (2016). The syntax of yes and no. Oxford: Oxford...
both exist and do not exist: both affirmationandnegation All things (dharma) neither exist nor do not exist: neither affirmation nor negation To say that...
do we have affirmationandnegation. Chapter 5. Every simple proposition contains a verb. A simple proposition indicates a single fact, and the conjunction...
study from Carlisle and Katz (2006) comparing separate English word families varying in size, frequency, andaffirmationandnegation suggests that “accuracy...
another and produce an affirmative; in other languages, doubled negatives intensify the negation. Languages where multiple negatives affirm each other...
in Syria". @WyvernReports. Retrieved 11 February 2020. "Between affirmationandnegation of HTS… Abu Tow leaves Idlib". Enab Baladi. 19 March 2020. Retrieved...
there are four possibilities: X {\displaystyle X} (affirmation) ¬ X {\displaystyle \neg X} (negation) X ∧ ¬ X {\displaystyle X\land \neg X} (both) ¬ (...
affirmation, affirmation is the primary theme andnegation is present but as a secondary theme; in case a sentence predicates negation, negation is the primary...
denote questions - untranslatable). Another pattern is to combine affirmationandnegation, as can be done in Chinese, for example as 對不對 duì bù duì (Correct...
creation", typically involving the "consistent alternation of affirmationandnegation". No longer just a rhetorical device, on their conception, it refers...
Morphosyntactic and Syntactic Rigidisation of VSO order Creation of preposed definite articles Creation of particles expressing sentence affirmationandnegation Creation...
can be analyzed with both divisions of truth. Affirmation andnegation belong to relative and absolute truth respectively. Political law is regarded as...
defines its proper subject by maintaining the tension between affirmationandnegation as opposite poles or perspectives. Nishitani describes East Asian...
involving knowledge obtained by negation", 1850, from Latinized form of Greek apophatikos, from apophasis "denial, negation", from apophanai "to speak off...
contraposition involves a change of the former's quality (i.e. affirmation or negation). For its symbolic expression in modern logic, see the rule of...
it is affirmation of negation or negation of negation. Note that while expressing an affirmation of negation by extending "да" with a negated verb is...
And let us conclude with this brief example: it is Essence, affirmation: it is Non-essence, negation: it is superessential, affirmationandnegation together...
topics as possible, with each participant choosing to stand in affirmation or negation of the legislation being debated. Unlike other debate events, students...
affirmation or a negation of that person's attribution to Islam. In order to evade the problem resulting from the confusion between the Western and Arabic...
Global Information