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Adolf Frederick
Adolf Frederick by Lorens Pasch the Younger
King of Sweden
Reign
25 March 1751 – 12 February 1771
Coronation
26 November 1751
Predecessor
Frederick I
Successor
Gustav III
Prince-Bishop of Lübeck
Reign
1727 – 1750
Predecessor
Charles August
Successor
Frederick August
Born
14 May 1710 Gottorp, Schleswig, Duchy of Schleswig
Died
12 February 1771(1771-02-12) (aged 60) Stockholm Palace, Stockholm, Sweden
Burial
30 July 1771
Riddarholm Church
Spouse
Louisa Ulrika of Prussia
(m. 1744)
Issue
Gustav III of Sweden Charles XIII of Sweden Prince Frederick Adolf, Duke of Östergötland Sophia Albertina, Abbess of Quedlinburg
House
Holstein-Gottorp
Father
Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin
Mother
Princess Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach
Religion
Lutheranism
Signature
Adolf Frederick, or Adolph Frederick (Swedish: Adolf Fredrik, German: Adolf Friedrich; 14 May 1710 – 12 February 1771) was King of Sweden from 1751 until his death in 1771. He was the son of Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin, and Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach. He was an uncle of Catherine the Great and husband to Louisa Ulrika of Prussia.[1][2]
The first king from the House of Holstein-Gottorp, Adolf Frederick was a weak monarch, installed as first in line to the throne following the parliamentary government's failure to reconquer the Baltic provinces in 1741–1743. Aside from a few attempts, supported by pro-absolutist factions among the nobility, to reclaim the absolute monarchy held by previous monarchs, he remained a mere constitutional figurehead until his death.
His reign saw an extended period of internal peace. However, the finances stagnated following failed mercantilist doctrines pursued by the Hat administration. The Hat administration ended during the 1765–1766 parliament, where the Cap opposition took over the government and enacted reforms towards greater economic liberalism, as well as a Freedom of Press Act. The Freedom of Press Act is unique for the time for its curtailing of all censorship, retaining punitive measures only for libeling the monarch or the Church of Sweden.[3]
^"Christian August, Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp". Christian August (Herzog von Holstein-Gottorf). Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie. 1876. p. 192. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
^"Adolf Fredrik". Nordisk familjebok. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
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