Psychiatric disorder involving emotional difficulty in response to a stressor
Medical condition
Adjustment disorder
Specialty
Psychiatry, clinical psychology
Complications
Suicide;[1] Progression to more serious psychiatric disorders, e.g., PTSD or major depressive disorder
Usual onset
Theoretically, within one to three months after a stressful event
Duration
Theoretically, up to six months unless the stressor or its consequences continue
Types
Mild, moderate, severe
Risk factors
History of mental disorder; low social support
Differential diagnosis
Rule out PTSD, depressive disorders, & anxiety disorders
Treatment
Psychotherapy; bibliotherapy; structured paraprofessional help
Prognosis
Relatively good compared to many other mental disorders, but severity varies
Adjustment disorder is a maladaptive response to a psychosocial stressor. It is classified as a mental disorder.[2] The maladaptive response usually involves otherwise normal emotional and behavioral reactions that manifest more intensely than usual (considering contextual and cultural factors), causing marked distress, preoccupation with the stressor and its consequences, and functional impairment.[3][4][5][6]
Diagnosis of adjustment disorder is common. Lifetime prevalence estimates for adults range from five percent to 21%.[7] Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as men. Among children and adolescents, girls and boys are equally likely to be diagnosed with an adjustment disorder.[8]
Adjustment disorder was introduced into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980 (DSM-III).[9][10]
Other names for adjustment disorder are stress response syndrome (new name as of 2013) and situational depression since it is one of the most common symptoms.[11]
^"Adjustment disorders - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
^Cite error: The named reference DSM-IV was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Bolu_2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Asnis_1993 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Bronisch_1989 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Bisson_2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Portzky G, Audenaert K, van Heeringen K (August 2005). "Adjustment disorder and the course of the suicidal process in adolescents". Journal of Affective Disorders. 87 (2–3): 265–270. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2005.04.009. hdl:1854/LU-337403. PMID 16005078.
^Cite error: The named reference Patricia, C. 2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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