Temporal range: Late Carboniferous and Early Permian, 306–271.6 Ma
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Skull reconstruction of Colobomycter pholeter
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia
Clade:
†Parareptilia
Order:
†Procolophonomorpha
Superfamily:
†Lanthanosuchoidea
Family:
†Acleistorhinidae Daly, 1969[1]
Genera
†Acleistorhinus
†Carbonodraco
†Colobomycter
†Delorhynchus?
†Feeserpeton?
†Karutia
Acleistorhinidae is an extinct family of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian-aged (Moscovian to Kungurian stage) parareptiles. Acleistorhinids are most diverse from the Richards Spur locality of the Early Permian of Oklahoma. Richards Spur acleistorhinids include Acleistorhinus, Colobomycter, and possibly Delorhynchus and Feeserpeton. Other taxa include Carbonodraco from the Late Carboniferous of Ohio[2] and Karutia from the Early Permian of Brazil.[3] Acleistorhinidae is commonly considered a subgroup of lanthanosuchoids, related to taxa such as Chalcosaurus, Lanthaniscus and Lanthanosuchus.[4] However, a re-examination of parareptile phylogeny conducted by Cisneros et al. (2021) argued that lanthanosuchids were not closely related to acleistorhinids. The phylogenetic analysis conducted by these authors recovered acleistorhinids as the sister group of the clade Procolophonia, while lanthanosuchids were recovered within the procolophonian subgroup Pareiasauromorpha.[3]
Acleistorhinidae is notable for being the oldest-known parareptilian clade. The family is diagnosed by the presence two synapomorphies: (1) the largest tooth is located far anteriorly on the maxilla; and (2) cranial ornamentation consists of sparse and shallow circular dimples.[5]
^Daly, E. (1969). "A new procolophonoid reptile from the Early Permian of Oklahoma". Journal of Paleontology. 43 (3): 676–687.
^Arjan Mann; Emily J. McDaniel; Emily R. McColville; Hillary C. Maddin (2019). "Carbonodraco lundi gen et sp. nov., the oldest parareptile, from Linton, Ohio, and new insights into the early radiation of reptiles". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (11): Article ID 191191. doi:10.1098/rsos.191191. PMC 6894558. PMID 31827854.
^ abCisneros, J. C.; Kammerer, C. F.; Angielczyk, K. D.; Fröbisch, J.; Marsicano, C.; Smith, R. M. H.; Richter, M. (2021). "A new reptile from the lower Permian of Brazil (Karutia fortunata gen. et sp. nov.) and the interrelationships of Parareptilia". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (23): 1939–1959. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1863487. S2CID 231741612.
^Marcello Ruta; Juan C. Cisneros; Torsten Liebrect; Linda A. Tsuji; Johannes Muller (2011). "Amniotes through major biological crises: faunal turnover among Parareptiles and the end-Permian mass extinction". Palaeontology. 54 (5): 1117–1137. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01051.x. S2CID 83693335.
^Modesto, S. P. (1999). "Colobomycter pholeter from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma: a parareptile, not a protorothyrided". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 19 (3): 466–472. doi:10.1080/02724634.1999.10011159.
Acleistorhinidae is an extinct family of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian-aged (Moscovian to Kungurian stage) parareptiles. Acleistorhinids are most...
Russian paleontologist Ivachnenko in 1980, and it contains two families Acleistorhinidae and Lanthanosuchidae. Lanthanosuchoidea is a node-based taxon defined...
containing the families Protorothyrididae, Captorhinidae, Bolosauridae, Acleistorhinidae and possibly also Batropetidae Procolophonia, containing families Nyctiphruretidae...
Diadectidae Series Amniota Class Sauropsida Subclass Anapsida Family Acleistorhinidae Family Eunotosauridae Family Mesosauridae Family Millerettidae Family...
lizard-like Permian reptiles such as the Millerettidae, Bolosauridae, Acleistorhinidae, and Lanthanosuchidae, all of which are included under the Anapsida...
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