Colonial resistance fighter from modern day Tanzania.
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Abushiri
al-Harthi with freedom fighters during the revolt in German occupied East Africa.
Born
Al Bashir ibn Salim al-Harthi
c. 1840[1]Sultanate of Zanzibar
Died
15 December 1889(1889-12-15) (aged 49)
Pangani, Tanga Region, German East Africa
Cause of death
Execution by hanging
Nationality
Zanzibari
Al Bashir ibn Salim al-Harthi (Arabic: البشير بن سالم الحارثي) (c.1840 - 15 December 1889), also known by the name Abushiri, was a wealthy merchant and slave-owning plantation owner of Omani Arab parentage who is known for the Abushiri Revolt against the German East Africa Company in present-day Tanzania.[1] He is credited with uniting local Arab traders and African tribes against German colonialism.
Beginning on September 20, 1888, insurrections led by Abushiri attacked German-held trading posts and towns throughout the East African territory. The German trading company, unable to control the uprising appealed to the government in Berlin for assistance. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck dispatched 34-year-old Lieutenant Hermann Wissmann as Reichskommissar to the colony.[1] Wissmann along with a combination of German, Sudanese and Shangaen soldiers formed the core of the first Schutztruppe in the region. With naval assistance they bombarded coastal towns which allowed for German re-occupation. Also the Navy set up a blockade to deny shipments of arms and supplies to reach the rebels.
Al Bashir's forces were able to capture most of the towns along the Tanganyika coast and even took the explorers Hans Meyer and Oscar Baumann hostage.[citation needed] Nevertheless, towards the end of 1888, much of his alliance with the local tribes had collapsed, and he was forced to hire Arab mercenaries to defend his stronghold at a fortress near Bagamoyo.[1] After Abushiri accepted a truce with the Germans, troops led by Wissmann attacked the fortress on May 8, 1889, resulting in 106 Arab deaths.[1] Abushiri escaped and was able to persuade members of the Mbunga tribes to continue with the rebellion.[1] He was then able to lead new assaults on Dar es Salaam and Bagamoyo. However, superior German firepower was able to repulse these attacks, and the African tribesmen soon deserted Abushiri.
A Zigua headman captured Abushiri and turned him over to the Germans, who hanged him on 15 December 1889.[1]
^ abcdefgIliffe, John (1979). A modern history of Tanganyika. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 93–97. ISBN 0-521-22024-6. OCLC 3868821. Their leader was Abushiri, some forty years old, son of an Arab father and Galla mother, who had traded around Lake Tanganyika and fought against Mirambo before settling as one of the slave-owning sugar planters of the Pangani estuary., p. 93
known by the name Abushiri, was a wealthy merchant and slave-owning plantation owner of Omani Arab parentage who is known for the Abushiri Revolt against...
The Abushiri Revolt, also known as the Slave Trader Revolt (German: Sklavenhändlerrevolte), but generally referred to by modern historians as the Coastal...
German Imperial government to its colonies in East Africa to suppress the Abushiri Revolt. Wissmann was issued one of the first Maxim guns which had reached...
Unit 99th (2nd Upper Rhenish) Infantry Regiment [de] Schutztruppe for German East Africa Battles/wars Abushiri Revolt Hehe Revolt Battle of Lugalo †...
of the German Empire, necessitating costly action such as in the 1888 Abushiri revolt. According to German historian Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German colonial...
Tanganyika led by Abushiri and Chief Mkwawa. Abushiri was later captured and hanged in Pangani in December 1889. After Abushiri's defeat Germans were...
submitted to German protection. This resulted in a native uprising, the Abushiri revolt, which was suppressed by the Kaiserliche Marine and heralded the...
stopped, however, due to ramifications associated with the so-called "Abushiri Revolt" (1888–89). Within a matter of days Baumann and Meyer were captured...
where German colonizers met with stronger resistance. When in 1888 the Abushiri Revolt broke out in the dominions of the German East Africa Company, Bismarck's...
coast of mainland East Africa to the Germans, which immediately led to the Abushiri Revolt. Sayyid Khalifa I was appointed an Honorary Knight Grand Cross of...
mission was aborted after the pair were held hostage and ransomed during the Abushiri Revolt.: 82 In the autumn of 1888, the American naturalist Abbott and...
even hundreds of thousands of insurgents and local civilians dead. The Abushiri revolt of 1888–1889 and the Wahehe Rebellion of 1891–1898 are viewed by...
Papuan, Samoan (in New Guinea and Samoa) History • Established 1884 • Abushiri revolt 1888 • Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty 1890 • Adamawa Wars 1899 • Herero...
after the transfer of the Wissmanntruppe (raised in 1889 to suppress the Abushiri Revolt) to German imperial control. The first askaris formed in German...
German East Africa resisted German enforced labour and taxation. In the Abushiri revolt, the Germans were almost driven out of the area in 1888. A decade...
Stokes were sent to dominate "the Street of Caravans".[citation needed] The Abushiri Revolt of 1888 was put down with British help the following year. In 1890...
Sultanate of Zanzibar, the German Empire was called upon to put down the Abushiri revolts and protect the empire's interests in the region. The German East...
submitted to German protection. This resulted in a native uprising, the Abushiri revolt, which was suppressed by the Kaiserliche Marine and heralded the...
Africa region where he was tasked with suppression of the Abushiri Revolt led by Abushiri ibn Salim al-Harthi. Wissmann was only given one order: "Victory"...
troubles in East Africa. As such she took part in the suppression of the Abushiri Revolt in German East Africa. On 8 May 1889 a landing party from the ship...
Global Information
Sultanate of Zanzibar