The Yokosuka D4Y Suisei (彗星, Suisei, "Comet", Allied reporting name "Judy") is a two-seat carrier-based dive bomber developed by the Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1942 to 1945 during World War II. Development of the aircraft began in 1938. The first D4Y1 was complete in November 1940 and made its maiden flight at Yokosuka the following month.[1]
While the aircraft was originally conceived as a dive bomber, the D4Y was used in other roles including reconnaissance, night fighter and special attack (kamikaze). It made its combat debut as a reconnaissance aircraft when two pre-production D4Y1-Cs embarked aboard the Sōryū to take part in the Battle of Midway in 1942. It was not until March 1943 that it was accepted for use as a dive bomber. The early D4Y1 and D4Y2 featured the liquid-cooled Aichi Atsuta engine, a licensed version of the German Daimler-Benz DB 601, while the later D4Y3 and D4Y4 featured the Mitsubishi MK8P Kinsei radial engine.
Like many other Japanese aircraft of the time, the D4Y lacked armor and self-sealing fuel tanks and it was not until the final variant, the D4Y4, that the aircraft was given bulletproof glass and armor protection for the crew and fuel tanks.[2] Nevertheless, the D4Y was one of the fastest dive bombers of the war, particularly the D4Y4 whom Max Gadney said was the "fastest dive-bomber of World War II" and that it was "faster than the Zero".[3] Only the delays in its development hindered its service while its predecessor, the slower fixed-gear Aichi D3A, remained in service much longer than intended. In October 1944, an attack by a lone D4Y resulted in the sinking of light carrier USS Princeton in the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Similarly in March 1945, a single D4Y managed to hit the carrier USS Franklin with two bombs, nearly sinking Franklin and resulting in the loss of almost 800 of her crew.[4] Famously, a D4Y was used in one of the final kamikaze attacks in 1945, hours after the surrender of Japan, with Vice Admiral Matome Ugaki in the rear cockpit.
^Francillon 1970, p. 455
^Ishiguro, Ryusuke; Januszewski, Tadeusz (2009). Japanese Special Attack Aircraft & Flying Bombs. Poland: Mushroom Model Publications. p. 142. ISBN 978-83-89450-12-8.
^Gadney, Max (April 2008). "Kamikazes, Deconstructed". World War II. Vol. 23, no. 1. World War II. pp. 46–47. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
^Friedman & 1983 232. sfn error: no target: CITEREFFriedman1983232 (help)
The YokosukaD4Y Suisei (彗星, Suisei, "Comet", Allied reporting name "Judy") is a two-seat carrier-based dive bomber developed by the Yokosuka Naval Air...
YouTuber Suisei (spacecraft), a Japanese space probe to Halley's Comet YokosukaD4Y Suisei, a Japanese dive bomber Suisei Planitia This disambiguation page...
Junkers Ju 87 Loire-Nieuport LN.401 Saab 17 Vultee A-31 Vengeance Yokosuka D3Y YokosukaD4Y Related lists List of aircraft of World War II List of bomber...
The Yokosuka P1Y Ginga (銀河, "Galaxy") was a twin-engine, land-based bomber developed for the Japanese Imperial Navy in World War II. It was the successor...
The Yokosuka E14Y (Allied reporting name Glen) was an Imperial Japanese Navy reconnaissance seaplane transported aboard and launched from Japanese submarine...
World War II. The Yokosuka L3Y (Allied reporting name "Tina"), was a transport variant of the aircraft manufactured by the Yokosuka Naval Air Technical...
Fairey Barracuda Grumman TBF Avenger Junkers Ju 87D Supermarine Type 322 YokosukaD4Y Suisei Related lists List of aircraft of World War II List of military...
to a 1935 specification by the Navy for a torpedo bomber to replace the Yokosuka B4Y. Internally designated Type K by Nakajima, it successfully competed...
(Dai-Ichi Kaigun Koku Gijitsusho), which designed three gliders designated Yokosuka MXY6, featuring canards. These were built by Chigasaki Seizo K. K. and...
The Yokosuka MXY9 Shuka (秋花, "Autumn flower") was a projected development of the MXY8 training glider, adding a small motorjet engine, the Tsu-11. It was...
Sunbeam Motor Car Co Ltd, Wolverhampton TNCA, Balbuena field in Mexico City Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Japan Small numbers of early aircraft were purchased by...
that would replace both the Nakajima B6N Tenzan torpedo plane and the YokosukaD4Y Suisei dive bomber in IJN service. It was intended for use aboard a new...
Nakajima B6N Tenzan was added, and a large spinner — like that on the YokosukaD4Y Suisei with the Kinsei 62 — was mounted. The armament consisted of two...
obsolete engines), the pulsejet-powered Kawanishi Baika, and the better-known Yokosuka Ohka, were either underway or already in mass production. Compared to the...
secret. At the 1st Naval Air Technical Arsenal in Yokosuka, in association with Mitsubishi and Yokosuka Arsenal, work began to adapt the Walter HWK 509A...
68 Aichi D3A dive bombers, 57 Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers, and one YokosukaD4Y command and control aircraft. Frank, Guadalcanal, p. 401; Lundstrom,...
NK9 had less output but was already approved by the Navy for use on the Yokosuka P1Y Ginga bomber, while the larger MK9 promised more horsepower. With the...
designed by other manufacturers produced at Hiro: Yokosuka B3Y Nakajima B5N "Kate" Aichi E13A "Jake" YokosukaD4Y "Judy" Hiro Type 14 Hiro Type 61 Hiro Type...
Rennell Island. The aircraft later served as the mothership that carried the Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka, a purpose-built anti-ship suicide weapon during the final years...
"Marianas Turkey Shoot," Commander McCampbell shot down five Japanese YokosukaD4Y 'Judy' dive-bombers, to become an "ace in a day". Later that afternoon...