June 30, 2012(2012-06-30) (aged 96) Tel Aviv, Israel
Nationality
Israeli
Political party
Likud (1970–1996, 2003–2011)
Other political affiliations
Fighters' List (1948–1959)
National Union (1999–2003)
Spouse
Shulamit Levy
(m. 1944; died 2011)
Children
2
Signature
Yitzhak Shamir (Hebrew: יצחק שמיר, listenⓘ; born Yitzhak Yezernitsky; October 22, 1915 – June 30, 2012) was an Israeli politician and the seventh prime minister of Israel, serving two terms (1983–1984, 1986–1992).[1] Before the establishment of the State of Israel, Shamir was a leader of the Zionist militant group Lehi, also known as the Stern Gang.
Yitzhak Shamir grew up in interwar Poland. Shamir joined Betar, the paramilitary wing of Revisionist Zionist Ze'ev Jabotinsky's Hatzohar political party. In 1935, Shamir emigrated from Białystok to British Palestine, where he worked in an accountant's office. Shamir joined the Revisionist Zionist Irgun paramilitary group led by Menachem Begin. During World War II the Irgun split over the question of whether to support the Axis Powers against the British Empire. Avraham Stern and Shamir sought an alliance with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany and formed the breakaway militia group Lehi. Lehi was unable to persuade the Axis powers to lend it support. Shamir led Lehi after Stern's assassination in 1942. In 1944 Shamir married Lehi member Shulamit Levy. During the 1948 Palestine war, Lehi and the Irgun committed the Deir Yassin massacre of over 100 Palestinians.
After the establishment of the Israeli state Shamir served in Mossad between 1955 and 1965. Shamir directed Operation Damocles and resigned from Mossad after Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion ordered end to the program. In 1969 Shamir joined Menachem Begin's Herut Party. Shamir was first elected to the Knesset in 1973 as a member of the Likud alliance of parties. Shamir served as Speaker of the Knesset after Likud became the first right-wing Israeli government after winning the 1977 Israeli legislative election against Prime Minister Shimon Peres' Alignment. Shamir was named Foreign Minister by Prime Minister Begin in 1980 and would serve in this post until 1986. Shamir was Foreign Minister during the 1982 Israel invasion of Lebanon.
Shamir won the 1983 Herut leadership election to succeed Begin as party leader, which made him Prime Minister and leader of the Likud. Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir lost the 1984 election to Peres. Peres and Shamir entered into a grand coalition deal where Peres became prime minister while Shamir remained foreign minister until 1986, when Peres and Shamir traded jobs. The First Intifada began in 1987 and Shamir resisted a two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Shamir unified the Likud alliance into one party in 1988. Shamir reluctantly restarted the Israeli–Palestinian peace process at the behest of the United States and Soviet Union which culminated in the Madrid Conference of 1991. Shamir lost the 1992 Israeli legislative election to Yitzhak Rabin and in 1993 Benjamin Netanyahu replaced him as Likud leader.
^"Knesset Member, Yitzhak Shamir". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
YitzhakShamir (Hebrew: יצחק שמיר, listen; born Yitzhak Yezernitsky; October 22, 1915 – June 30, 2012) was an Israeli politician and the seventh prime...
announced his intention to resign as Prime Minister. He was replaced by YitzhakShamir, a former commander of the Lehi underground, who defeated Deputy Prime...
Defense in several national unity governments led by prime ministers YitzhakShamir and Shimon Peres. When Rabin came to office, Israeli troops were still...
Shulamit Shamir (Hebrew: שרה שולמית שמיר; née Levy; 19 April 1923 – 29 July 2011) was the wife of the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, YitzhakShamir. Shulamit...
Shlomo Shamir, third Commander of the Israeli Navy Shulamit Shamir, Israeli activist, wife of the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, YitzhakShamir Yair...
Netanyahu was a member of the Israeli delegation headed by Prime Minister YitzhakShamir. After the Madrid Conference Netanyahu was appointed as Deputy Minister...
the Nation section between former Israeli Prime Ministers Yitzhak Rabin and YitzhakShamir. About 4,000 mourners and world leaders from 75 countries attended...
the role was passed to YitzhakShamir. After the 1988 election Likud was able to govern without the Alignment, and YitzhakShamir continued as Prime Minister...
Soviet Union. During this period he was a rival to then prime minister YitzhakShamir, but failed in various bids to replace him as chairman of Likud. Their...
Revisionist ideology. Several prominent Likud members, most notably YitzhakShamir, objected to the treaty and abstained when it was ratified with an overwhelming...
1983 to elect the leader of the Herut party. It saw the election of YitzhakShamir to succeed Menachem Begin. The election came after the resignation of...
Judaism Yitzhak Rabin (1922–1995), Israeli politician and Prime Minister YitzhakShamir (1915–2012), Israeli politician and Prime Minister Yitzhak Aharonovich...
later counter-terrorism advisor to Israeli prime ministers Yitzhak Rabin and YitzhakShamir. Yigal Carmon was born in Romania in 1946 and immigrated to...
the parliamentary factions represented in the 11th Knesset. Likud's YitzhakShamir formed the twenty-third government on 22 December 1988, including the...
"Lehi" under a triumvirate of Israel Eldad, Natan Yellin-Mor, and YitzhakShamir. Shamir became the Prime Minister of Israel forty years later. Stern viewed...
coalition government with Likud, with both party leaders, Shimon Peres and YitzhakShamir, holding the post of Prime Minister for two years each. The table below...
Hussein of Jordan meeting with Israeli Prime Minister YitzhakShamir two weeks prior, where Shamir had been persuaded to consider Jordan's stability and...
agreement. By 1983, the phrase became the policy of Israeli Prime Minister YitzhakShamir, and it took on a different meaning: the phrase meant that Israel would...
activistic and confrontational with Israel. The Israeli Labor Party's Yitzhak Rabin, then Defense Minister, added deportations in August 1985 to Israel's...
the Israeli cabinet. It was first established under the government of YitzhakShamir on 27 November 1990, with Avraham Verdiger serving as deputy minister...
(out of four years), with YitzhakShamir serving as the designated Acting Prime Minister, and then swap places with Shamir for the next two. The major...
Likud party. It saw the members of Likud's Central Committee reelect YitzhakShamir, who defeated challenges from David Levy and Ariel Sharon The leadership...
retaining his post in the 1981 elections. In 1983, he stood down, and YitzhakShamir took over as Herut (and, therefore, Likud) party leader and Prime Minister...
hospital. The hospital was renamed after the former Israeli prime minister YitzhakShamir in April 2017. It is one of Israel's largest hospitals, with over 800...
was formed by YitzhakShamir of Likud on 10 October 1983, following the resignation of Prime Minister Menachen Begin on 28 August. Shamir kept the same...
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