The Yibir, also referred to as the Yibbir, the Yebir, or the Yibro, are a caste of Somali people.[1][2] They have traditionally been endogamous. Their hereditary occupations have been magic making, leather work, the dispensing of traditional medicine and the making of amulets.[3][4][5] They belong to the Sab clan and sometimes referred to as a minority clan, they perform menial tasks.[6][7]
The Somali tradition holds that the Yibir are descendants of Mohammad Hanif of Hargeysa. Mohammad Hanif acquired a reputation as a pagan magician, according to Somali folklore, he was defeated by Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn.[8] According to this myth, the rest of the Somali society has ever since paid a small gift to a Yibir after childbirth, as a form of blood compensation.[6]
The Yibir have a language (a dialect of Somali) they keep secret from the ruling Somali clans.[9][10] Although Muslims and ethnically similar to other Somalis,[11] the Yibir caste has been traditionally denigrated, demeaned and discriminated against by higher social strata of the Somali society.[7][12]
^Lewis, I. M. (1999). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. James Currey Publishers. pp. 13–14. ISBN 0852552807. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
^Donald N. Levine (2014). Greater Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Multiethnic Society. University of Chicago Press. pp. 62, 195. ISBN 978-0-226-22967-6.
^Scott Steven Reese (2008). Renewers of the Age: Holy Men and Social Discourse in Colonial Benaadir. BRILL Academic. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-90-04-16729-2.
^Heather Marie Akou (2011). The Politics of Dress in Somali Culture. Indiana University Press. pp. 20–23. ISBN 978-0253223135.
^David F. Horrobin (2012). The Somali, in "A Guide to Kenya and Northern Tanzania". Springer. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-94-011-7129-8.; Е. de Larajasse (1972), Somali-English and Somali-English Dictionary, Trubner, page 145
^ abAhmed & Hart 1984, pp. 156–157.
^ abElaine Tarone; Martha Bigelow; Kit Hansen (2013). Oxford Applied Linguistics: Literacy and Second Language Oracy. Oxford University Press. pp. 55, 73–74 with footnote 5. ISBN 978-0-19-442313-7., Quote: "In addition to the Bantus, there are Somali clans considered to be of low caste and treated as outcasts. They are the Yibir, the Midgan and the Tumal. They face restrictions, prejudice, discrimination, harassment and attacks in East Africa as well as in the Diaspora."
^Mire, Sada (22 March 2015). Wagar, Fertility and Phallic Stelae: Cushitic Sky-God Belief and the Site of Saint Aw-Barkhadle, Somaliland.
^Kirk 1905, pp. 184–85.
^Cite error: The named reference akou22 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Luling, Virginia. "The Social Structure of Southern Somali Tribes" (PDF). University of London. pp. 13–15.
^Mohamed A. Eno and Abdi M. Kusow (2014), Racial and Caste Prejudice in Somalia, Journal of Somali Studies, Iowa State University Press, Volume 1, Issue 2, pages 91, 96, 107-108
The Yibir, also referred to as the Yibbir, the Yebir, or the Yibro, are a caste of Somali people. They have traditionally been endogamous. Their hereditary...
the name Jabal Yibir (Arabic: جَبَل يِبِر), is a 1,527 m (5,010 ft) tall mountain in the Emirate of Fujairah, the U.A.E. Jabal Yibir, Jabal Al-Mebrah...
phenomenon of antisemitism to Somalia. This led to the ostracization of the Yibir clan, a Somali clan with a widely accepted view of Jewish origin. In 2017...
a height of 1,934 m (6,345 ft), but because its peak is in Oman, Jebel Yibir or Mebrah has the highest peak "Jabal ar Rahrah - United Arab Emirates |...
hunting. These minority Somali clans are the Gaboye (Madhiban), Tumaal, Yibir, Jaji and Yahar. There is no clear agreement on the clan and sub-clan structures...
patient repeatedly. Yibir clan members are popularly held to be descendants of Jewish Hebrew forebears. The etymology of the word "Yibir" is also believed...
Hawiye, Darod (including Majeerteen), Isaaq, Dir, Rahanweyn, Madhiban, Yibir, Ajuran along with significant populations in the United States, the United...
by about ten degrees, except for spots such as the mountains of Hafeet, Yibir, Yanas and Al-Heben. In January 2009 there was snow on Jebel Jais. This...
The Tumal (also spelled Tomal) were smiths and leatherworkers, and the Yibir (also spelled Yebir) were the tanners and magicians. According to the anthropologist...
sometimes treated as outcasts. As Gabboye, the Madhiban along with the Yibir and Tumaal (collectively referred to as sab) have since obtained political...
specializing on Ethiopia and Horn of Africa, the Tomal along with Mijan and Yibir castes have traditionally been considered as ritually impure using Islamic...
"Fuga") are a southern Ethiopian tribe descended from Beta Israel. The Yibir are a tribe that lives in Somalia, eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern...
Mountain 1,542 5,059 Arizona, US Mount Tai 1,532 5,026 Shandong, China Jabel Yibir 1,527 5,010 United Arab Emirates Madikeri 1,525 5,003 Kodagu, Karnataka...
Gaboye is increasingly common. This caste is distinct from the Tumal and Yibir outcast communities because each is accused of things different from each...
England". Arabian Gulf Digital Archives. Retrieved 2023-05-08. "Jabal Yibir, United Arab Emirates". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2024-03-02. "FO 1016/840...