Xylidine can refer to any of the six isomers of xylene amine, or any mixture of them.
The chemical formula of xylidines is C8H11N or, more descriptively, (CH3)2C6H3NH2. The CAS number for the isomer mixture is 1300-73-8. They are colorless solids or liquids, although commercial samples can appear yellow or darker. They are miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether and slightly soluble in water. Xylidines are used in production of pigments and dyestuffs, and various antioxidants, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, hypergolic propellants, and many other organic chemicals.[1]
In World War II, xylidine was an important antiknock agent in very high performance aviation gasolines. Its purpose was to permit high levels of boost pressure in multiple-stage turbochargers, and thus high power at high altitudes, without causing detonation that would destroy the engine. The high pressures brought high temperatures of inlet air, making engines prone to knock. This use and storage stabilization methods were important military secrets.[2][3]
^Meyer, Carl L. "Antiknock effectiveness of xylidine in small-scale engines". U.S. NASA NTRS. U.S. Government, NASA. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
^Starr, Charles E Jr.; et al. "Method of stabilizing xylidine, U.S. Patent No 2,509,891" (PDF). Google Patents. U.S. Patent Office. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
military secrets. 2,3-xylidine 2,4-xylidine 2,5-xylidine 2,6-xylidine 3,4-xylidine 3,5-xylidine 2,3-xylidine, also called o-xylidine, 2,3-dimethylaniline...
benzene, toluene, xylene and ethyl-benzene, also called gasoline aromatics Xylidine - any of a number of isomeric amines of xylene. In the U.S., where tetraethyllead...
Phenethylamine 1-Phenylethylamine Xylidines 2,3-Xylidine 2,4-Xylidine 2,5-Xylidine 2,6-Xylidine 3,4-Xylidine 3,5-Xylidine This set index page lists chemical...
formamidine and Form-2,4-xylidine may already form conjugates. But the major route followed after the formation of Form-2,4-xylidine is the oxidation to...
Xylocaine is a brand name, referring to the major synthetic building block 2,6-xylidine. The "ligno" prefix is chosen because "xylo" means wood in Greek while...
Ponceau 2R, Xylidine ponceau, Ponceau G, Red R, Acid Red 26, Food Red 5, or C.I. 16150 is a red azo dye used in histology for staining. It is easily soluble...
March 6, 2015. Meyer, Carl L. (August 1943). "Antiknock effectiveness of xylidine in small-scale engines". U.S. NASA NTRS. U.S. Government, NASA. Retrieved...
The Soviet "Scud" Missile used TG-02 ("Tonka-250"), a mixture of 50% xylidine and 50% triethylamine as a starting fluid to ignite its rocket engine....
a hypergolic mix of nitric acid with various combinations of amines, xylidines and anilines. Hypergolic propellants were discovered independently, for...
needed] Among the dyes used for trichrome staining are: Red Acid fuchsin, xylidine ponceau, chromotrope 2R, Biebrich scarlet, ponceau 6R, phloxine Blue and...
dentistry is increased bleeding during surgery. The amide reaction between 2,6-xylidine (1) and 2-bromobutyryl chloride [22118-12-3] (2) gives 2-Bromo-N-(2...
hypergolic fuel chemistry of nitric acid oxidiser and TX2 (tri-ethylamine xylidine) fuel. Unusually, the turbopump for the engine was mechanically driven...
combination of R-stoff (a.k.a. Tonka or TONKA-250, 50% triethylamine and 50% xylidine) for fuel and SV-Stoff (aka RFNA propellants: 94% HNO3, 6% N2O4) oxidizer...
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