In cryptography, the simple XOR cipher is a type of additive cipher,[1] an encryption algorithm that operates according to the principles:
A 0 = A,
A A = 0,
A B = B A,
(A B) C = A (B C),
(B A) A = B 0 = B,
For example where denotes the exclusive disjunction (XOR) operation.[2] This operation is sometimes called modulus 2 addition (or subtraction, which is identical).[3] With this logic, a string of text can be encrypted by applying the bitwise XOR operator to every character using a given key. To decrypt the output, merely reapplying the XOR function with the key will remove the cipher.
In cryptography, the simple XORcipher is a type of additive cipher, an encryption algorithm that operates according to the principles: A ⊕ {\displaystyle...
because the plaintext or ciphertext is only used for the final XOR, the block cipher operations may be performed in advance, allowing the final step...
used to build block ciphers. Examples of such block ciphers are BEAR and LION. Cipher security summary Topics in cryptography XORcipher Cusick, Thomas W...
of the cipher, it is also known as state cipher. In practice, a digit is typically a bit and the combining operation is an exclusive-or (XOR). The pseudorandom...
Stream ciphers, where plaintext bits are combined with a cipher bit stream by an exclusive-or operation (xor), can be very secure if used properly[citation...
result in X Y := X XOR Y; // XOR the values and store the result in Y X := Y XOR X; // XOR the values and store the result in X Since XOR is a commutative...
of the subkey using bitwise XOR. On systems with 32-bit or larger words, it is possible to speed up execution of this cipher by combining the SubBytes and...
Labs research engineer who, in 1917, invented a cipher system that used the Boolean "exclusive or" (XOR) function, symbolised by ⊕. This is represented...
architectures. Both ciphers are built on a pseudorandom function based on add–rotate–XOR (ARX) operations — 32-bit addition, bitwise addition (XOR) and rotation...
plaintext. A cipher (or cypher) is a pair of algorithms that carry out the encryption and the reversing decryption. The detailed operation of a cipher is controlled...
binaries are used, the encryption between both endpoints is only a simple XORcipher, which is completely trivial to decode. This type of build is not supported...
Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES), is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described...
the T52 is not just a pseudorandom number generator-and-XORcipher. For example, if a cipher clerk erred and sent two different messages using exactly...
The Tor traffic is wrapped in a WebSocket format and disguised with an XORcipher. A free software implementation of flash proxies is available. It uses...
cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the...
pattern 00101010 (42) using the exclusive or (XOR) operation. This effects a simple XORcipher. Like ROT13, XOR (and therefore memfrob()) is self-reciprocal...
either P1 or P2 reveals the other plaintext since C1 xor C2 = (P1 xor K) xor (P2 xor K) = P1 xor P2. Many schemes require the IV to be unpredictable by...
substitution cipher only from an unusual perspective; typically, the plaintext letter is combined (not substituted) in some manner (e.g., XOR) with the key...
In classical cryptography, the running key cipher is a type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide...
Global Information