In this Indonesian name, there is no family name nor a patronymic.
Wiranto
Official portrait, 2019
5th Chairperson of the Presidential Advisory Council
Incumbent
Assumed office 13 December 2019
President
Joko Widodo
Preceded by
Sri Adiningsih
6th Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs
In office 27 July 2016 – 20 October 2019
President
Joko Widodo
Preceded by
Luhut Binsar Panjaitan
Succeeded by
Mahfud MD
In office 26 October 1999 – 15 February 2000
President
Abdurrahman Wahid
Preceded by
Feisal Tanjung
Succeeded by
Soerjadi Soedirdja
1st General Chairman of the People's Conscience Party
In office 21 December 2006 – 21 December 2016
Preceded by
New political party
Succeeded by
Oesman Sapta Odang
19th Minister of Defense and Security
In office 14 March 1998 – 20 October 1999
President
Suharto
B. J. Habibie
Preceded by
Edi Sudradjat [id]
Succeeded by
Juwono Sudarsono
12th Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces
In office 16 February 1998 – 26 October 1999
President
Suharto
B. J. Habibie
Preceded by
General Feisal Tanjung
Succeeded by
Admiral Widodo Adi Sutjipto
19th Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army
In office 7 June 1997 – 16 February 1998
President
Suharto
Preceded by
General Raden Hartono [id]
Succeeded by
General Subagyo Hadi Siswoyo [id]
Personal details
Born
(1947-04-04) 4 April 1947 (age 77) Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Political party
Independent
Other political affiliations
Golkar (1999–2006)
Hanura (2006–2019)
Spouse
Rugaiya Usman
(m. 1975)
Alma mater
Indonesian Military Academy
Indonesian Army Command and General Staff College
Indonesia Open University
Institute of Military Laws
Jakarta Economy Institute
State University of Jakarta
Occupation
Politician
army officer
Website
Archived website
Military service
Allegiance
Indonesia
Branch/service
Indonesian Army
Years of service
1968–1999
Rank
General
Unit
Infantry
Commands
Indonesian Army
Indonesian Armed Forces
Battles/wars
Operation Lotus
Service no.
22166
Wiranto (born 4 April 1947) is an Indonesian politician and retired army general, who is serving as the chairman of the Presidential Advisory Council, since December 2019. Previously, he was the Commander of the Indonesian Armed Forces from February 1998 to October 1999 during Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, he ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and for the vice-presidency in 2009. On 27 July 2016, Wiranto was appointed Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs, replacing Luhut Binsar Panjaitan.[1][2]
Wiranto played a significant role in facilitating severe human rights violations by the Indonesian army and Jakarta-backed militias, during Indonesia's withdrawal from the occupied territory of East Timor in 1999. Both the United Nations and domestic groups have gathered evidence on this, but he continues to deny the charges. In January 2000, an Indonesian commission placed general responsibility for these injustices on Wiranto.[3] In May 2004, the United Nations-backed Special Panels of the Dili District Court indicted Wiranto and charged him with war crimes.[4] Wiranto claimed the move was an effort to discredit his political ambitions.[5]
Some claim that Wiranto played a key role as a moderating influence during the turbulent times of 1998 when Suharto resigned. He had the power to impose military rule, but refused to do so, thereby allowing the civilian process to develop.[6] Taufik Darusman labeled him a "military reformist" because Wiranto reduced the military's role in Indonesian politics. He initiated the reduction of their seats in parliament and separated the police from the military.[7] Nonetheless, more than 2,000 East Timorese were killed in violence under his watch, as well as 500,000 forced into displacement.[8] The security forces of Indonesia also perpetrated the Biak massacre in July 1998 , when Wiranto was the Minister of Defense of Indonesia.[9]
^"Wiranto named Indonesia's top security minister". aljazeera.com. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
^Amindoni, Ayomi (27 July 2016). "Wiranto replaces Luhut as security minister". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
^Nunan, Patricia (31 January 2000). "Summary of Indonesian Human-Rights". Globalpolicy.org. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
^"Indonesia: Indicted General Unfit for Presidential Bid". Human Rights Watch. 22 April 2004. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
^Aglionby, John (11 May 2004). "UN issues warrant for Indonesian general". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
^Harsono, Andreas; Lobe, Jim (27 April 2004). "Indonesia: Ex-generals ready for election battle". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 3 May 2004. Retrieved 7 May 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^Yamin, Kafil (30 August 2003). "Indonesia's Wiranto: Reform as a military duty". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 30 August 2003. Retrieved 7 May 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^"Ad-Hoc Court for East Timor". Global Policy Forum. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
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