Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming (15 May 1857 – 21 May 1911) was a Scottish astronomer. She was a single mother hired by the director of the Harvard College Observatory to help in the photographic classification of stellar spectra. She helped develop a common designation system for stars and cataloged more than ten thousand stars, 59 gaseous nebulae, over 310 variable stars, and 10 novae and other astronomical phenomena. Among several career achievements that advanced astronomy, Fleming is noted for her discovery of the Horsehead Nebula in 1888.[1]
^Cannon, Annie J. (June 1911). "Williamina Paton Fleming". Science. 33 (861) (published 30 June 1911): 987–988. Bibcode:1911Sci....33..987C. doi:10.1126/science.33.861.987. PMID 17799863.
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Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming (15 May 1857 – 21 May 1911) was a Scottish astronomer. She was a single mother hired by the director of the Harvard College...
as distance markers in space. Other computers in the team included WilliaminaFleming and Florence Cushman. Although these women started primarily as calculators...
named after Alexander Fleming and the Scottish astronomer WilliaminaFleming. Mount Fleming in New Zealand's Paparoa Range was named after him in 1970...
College Observatory, in which a team of woman computers, notably WilliaminaFleming, Antonia Maury, and Annie Jump Cannon, classified the spectra recorded...
a horse's head. The nebula was discovered by Scottish astronomer WilliaminaFleming in 1888 on a photographic plate taken at the Harvard College Observatory...
tons due to the size of photographic plates. He also, along with WilliaminaFleming and Annie Jump Cannon designed a stellar classification system based...
1783. In 1910, Henry Norris Russell, Edward Charles Pickering and WilliaminaFleming discovered that, despite being a dim star, 40 Eridani B was of spectral...
astronomer Edward Charles Pickering at the Harvard College Observatory. The assistants also included Annie Jump Cannon, WilliaminaFleming, and Antonia Maury....
1890. The prototype star RR Lyrae was discovered prior to 1899 by WilliaminaFleming, and reported by Pickering in 1900 as "indistinguishable from cluster-type...
interferometrically to be 0.41 mas, and photometrically to be 0.38 mas. In 1896, WilliaminaFleming observed mysterious spectral lines from Zeta Puppis, which fit the...
discovery of the Horsehead Nebula in the constellation of Orion, by WilliaminaFleming (1857–1911) The world's first oil refinery and a process of extracting...
used to refer to it). It was discovered photographically in 1904 by WilliaminaFleming (after the New General Catalogue was published), but credit went to...
Antonia Maury (who insisted on a complex classification system) and WilliaminaFleming (who was overseeing the project for Pickering, and wanted a much more...
Fleming 1785–1857 naruralist person after whom Fleming Fjord is named WilliaminaFleming 1857–1911 astronomer cataloguing of stars contributor, discoverer...
College Observatory. The work of classification was led initially by WilliaminaFleming and later by Annie Jump Cannon, with contributions from many other...
recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1932) May 15 – WilliaminaFleming, Scottish astronomer (d. 1911) May 19 – John Jacob Abel, American...
Lady Margaret Lindsay Huggins, Agnes Clerke, Annie Jump Cannon and WilliaminaFleming were made honorary members. In 1886 Isis Pogson was the first woman...
1851. In 1910, Henry Norris Russell, Edward Charles Pickering, and WilliaminaFleming discovered that, despite being a dim star, 40 Eridani B was of spectral...
1833) May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b. 1860) May 21 – WilliaminaFleming, Scottish astronomer (b. 1857) May 23 – John Douglas, English architect...
after Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan Fleming 1 is a planetary nebula in Centaurus, named after WilliaminaFleming Gum Nebula (Gum 12) is an emission nebula...
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