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Whiteness theory is a field under whiteness studies, that studies what white identity means in terms of social, political, racial, economic, culture, etc.[1] Whiteness theory posits that if some Western societies make whiteness central to their respective national and cultural identities, their white populations may become blind to the privilege associated with White identity. The theory examines how that blindness may exclude, otherize and perhaps harm non-white individuals and segments of the population.[2]
Whiteness theory is an offshoot of critical race theory that sees race as a social construct. It posits that whiteness is "practiced" by employing "visible systems of whiteness" that white people use to maintain power to benefit only white people.[3][4][5] Critical whiteness theory (CWT) positions whiteness as the default of North American and European cultures. It further describes that as a result of this default, a majority of white people are not directly aware of the advantages of being white conferred upon them by various on-going social practices. Academics and others who study CWT further describe that these dominant cultural and social processes sustain whiteness itself by some manner of "performance", and that performance is a historical practice.[6][7][8] Stemming from the lack of cultural awareness, humanity, and empathy with racial others as a result of being white, whiteness theory looks at the social, power, and economic challenges that arise from disregard or denial of white privilege, and the use of strategies of whiteness to reassert white space,[9] also known as white degeneracy.[10][11]
^Hartmann, D.; Gerteis, J.; Croll, P. R. (2009). "An empirical assessment of whiteness theory: Hidden from how many?". Social Problems. 56 (3): 403–424. doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.3.403. JSTOR 10.1525/sp.2009.56.3.403.
^Cullen, K. A. (2014). "A critical race and critical whiteness theory analysis of preservice teachers' racialized practices in a literacy across the curriculum course". Syracuse University). Archived from the original on 2019-02-09. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
^Gabriel, John (1998). Whitewash: Racialized Politics and the Media. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-14969-3.
^Levine-Rasky, Cynthia (2016-02-11). Whiteness Fractured. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-76463-1. Whiteness refers to amultitude...order of things.
^Stephen W. Littlejohn; Karen A. Foss (2009). Encyclopedia of Communication Theory. Vol. 1. Sage Publications, Inc. p. 1007. ISBN 978-1-4129-5937-7. Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
^Harris, Cheryl I. (1993). "Whiteness as Property". harvardlawreview.org.
^Schick, Carol (2014-01-01). "White resentment in settler society". Race Ethnicity and Education. 17 (1): 88–102. doi:10.1080/13613324.2012.733688. ISSN 1361-3324. S2CID 145271216.
^Nkomo, Stella M. (1992). "The Emperor Has No Clothes: Rewriting "Race in Organizations"". The Academy of Management Review. 17 (3): 487–513. doi:10.2307/258720. ISSN 0363-7425. JSTOR 258720.
^Moore, Julia Robinson; Sullivan, Shannon (2018-01-01). "Rituals of White Privilege: Keith Lamont Scott and the Erasure of Black Suffering". American Journal of Theology & Philosophy. 39 (1): 34–52. doi:10.5406/amerjtheophil.39.1.0034. ISSN 0194-3448. S2CID 171801098. white rituals...augments it.
^Walsh, Shannon L. (2020-11-16). Eugenics and Physical Culture Performance in the Progressive Era: Watch Whiteness Workout. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-58764-2.
^Nichols, D. (2010). "Teaching critical Whiteness theory: What college and university teachers need to know". Understanding and Dismantling Privilege. 1 (1): 1–12. Archived from the original on 2016-10-28. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
systems of whiteness" that white people use to maintain power to benefit only white people. Critical whitenesstheory (CWT) positions whiteness as the default...
offer, or have offered, courses in whiteness studies. Whiteness studies often overlaps with post-colonial theory, the study of orientalism, and anti-racist...
The white genocide, white extinction, or white replacement conspiracy theory is a white supremacist conspiracy theory that claims there is a deliberate...
films Reverse discrimination Social stratification White monkey Whiteness studies Whitenesstheory "References about social phenomena". Jensen, Robert...
Look up whiteness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Whiteness may refer to: Dental shade scale of teeth Light skin Whiteness (colorimetry), the degree...
studies, which is now a small offshoot known as Second Wave Whiteness (SWW). Critical race theory has also begun to spawn research that looks at understandings...
The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately...
(psychoanalysis) Social identity White backlash White identity White identity politics White Racial Identity Development WhitenesstheoryWhite supremacy Racism in...
book is "a great application of modern “whiteness studies” (as it has emerged from social and literary theory) to the history of a particular city." Lancaster...
dynamics of whiteness" in the time periods of its scope. Anderson, Warwick (2010). "Not Quite White: White Trash and the Boundaries of Whiteness". Bulletin...
Racial-ethnic socialization White identity Whitenesstheory Critical race theory Helms, J. E. (1995). An update of Helms's white and people of color racial...
exploration of whiteness as a racial and social identity and the acknowledgment of the role of whiteness is connected to modern whiteness studies. In a...
replacement theory or great replacement theory, is a white nationalist far-right conspiracy theory espoused by French author Renaud Camus. The original theory states...
The dead Internet theory is an online conspiracy theory that asserts that the Internet now consists mainly of bot activity and automatically generated...
identity White Anglo-Saxon Protestants White defensiveness White identity politics White Racial Identity Development White savior Whitenesstheory Claudia...
United States, most white nationalists define whiteness broadly as people of European ancestry, and some consider Jews to be white although this is controversial...
Coudenhove-Kalergi Conspiracy, is a debunked far-right, antisemitic, white genocide conspiracy theory. The theory claims that Austrian-Japanese politician Richard von...
Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions among rational agents. It has applications in many fields of social science,...
include demographer Eric Kaufmann's theory of "Whiteshift", which predicts transforming classifications of Whiteness as mixed-race majorities emerge, and...
hegemonic white culture as part of a strategy for achievement, while struggling to maintain a black identity, and the "acting whitetheory" was born....
16; and Ferrier, p. 42. Carole Ferrier, "White Blindfolds and Black Armbands: The uses of whitenesstheory for reading Australian cultural production"...
Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which can be informally described as collections of objects. Although objects of any...
Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (1992), this work is often cited as the starting point of contemporary whiteness studies.[citation...
The History of White People is a 2010 book by Nell Irvin Painter, in which the author explores the idea of whiteness throughout history, beginning with...
relations [of the intersectionality] of whiteness ... [where] the denial of power and privilege ... of whiteness, and middle-classness", while not addressing...
A Theory of Justice is a 1971 work of political philosophy and ethics by the philosopher John Rawls (1921–2002) in which the author attempts to provide...
"Because white pride has historically been predicated upon a denigration of nonwhites, the articulation of the duties and requirements of whiteness reflects...
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