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Vortex theory of the atom information


The vortex theory of the atom was a 19th-century attempt by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) to explain why the atoms recently discovered by chemists came in only relatively few varieties but in very great numbers of each kind. Based on the idea of stable, knotted vortices in the ether or aether, it contributed an important mathematical legacy.

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Vortex theory of the atom

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The vortex theory of the atom was a 19th-century attempt by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) to explain why the atoms recently discovered by chemists...

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Plum pudding model

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proposing a vortex atom in 1867, J.J. Thomson abandoned his 1890 "nebular atom" hypothesis, based on the vortex theory of the atom, in which atoms were composed...

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History of atomic theory

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Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The definition of the word "atom" has changed over the years...

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History of knot theory

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of years. The early significant stimulus in knot theory would arrive later with Sir William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) and his vortex theory of the atom....

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Vortex theory

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Vortex theory may refer to: Mechanical explanations of gravitation Vortex theory of the atom History of knot theory Insect flight#Leading edge vortex...

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Lord Kelvin

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September 1859. Between 1870 and 1890 the vortex atom theory, which purported that an atom was a vortex in the aether, was popular among British physicists...

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Mechanical explanations of gravitation

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them. Several British physicists developed vortex theory of the atom in the late nineteenth century. However, the physicist, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin...

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Rutherford model

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pudding model of the atom was incorrect. Rutherford's new model for the atom, based on the experimental results, contained new features of a relatively...

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Bohr model

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physics, the Bohr model or Rutherford–Bohr model is an obsolete model of the atom, presented by Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford in 1913. It consists of a small...

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Aether theories

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possible way to salvage it using the then popular vortex theory of the atom. Kelvin later concluded, This kinetic theory of matter is a dream, and can be...

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Cubical atom

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This theory was developed in 1902 by Gilbert N. Lewis and published in 1916 in the article "The Atom and the Molecule" and used to account for the phenomenon...

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Hantaro Nagaoka

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models for the structure of the atom. The recent discovery by J. J. Thomson of the negatively charged electron implied that a neutral atom must also contain...

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John Dalton

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chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated or rearranged. In his first extended published discussion of the atomic theory (1808), Dalton proposed...

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Atomic orbital

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describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom. This function describes the electron's charge distribution around the atom's nucleus...

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History of fluid mechanics

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symposia that focus fully on the subject. A curious diversion in the history of vortex dynamics was the Vortex theory of the atom of William Thomson, later...

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Joseph Larmor

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believed the aether was separate from matter. He united Lord Kelvin's model of spinning gyrostats (see Vortex theory of the atom) with this theory. Larmor...

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Irving Langmuir

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Electrons in Atoms and Molecules" in which, building on Gilbert N. Lewis's cubical atom theory and Walther Kossel's chemical bonding theory, he outlined...

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Cubic harmonic

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involving matrices. The cubic harmonics often fit the symmetry of the potential or surrounding of an atom. A common surrounding of atoms in solids and chemical...

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Superfluidity

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and microscopic theories. In liquid helium-4, the superfluidity occurs at far higher temperatures than it does in helium-3. Each atom of helium-4 is a boson...

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List of states of matter

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states of matter depending on its constituents and external factors like pressure and temperature. In common temperatures and pressures, atoms form the three...

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Hagen Kleinert

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In this theory, the statistical properties of fluctuating vortex or defect lines are described as elementary excitations with the help of fields, whose...

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Orbital angular momentum of free electrons

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momentum are also called electron vortex beams. An electron in free space travelling at non-relativistic speeds, follows the Schrödinger equation for a free...

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Rydberg atom

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Rydberg atom is an excited atom with one or more electrons that have a very high principal quantum number, n. The higher the value of n, the farther the electron...

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Leucippus

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caused by the collisions of atoms. Leucippus described the beginning of the cosmos as a vortex of atoms that formed the Earth, the Sun, the stars, and...

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History of gravitational theory

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large group of atoms came together and swirled as a vortex. The smaller atoms became the celestial bodies of the cosmos. The larger atoms in the center came...

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