Species of flowering plant in the grape vine family Vitaceae
Vitis vinifera
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Tracheophytes
Clade:
Angiosperms
Clade:
Eudicots
Clade:
Rosids
Order:
Vitales
Family:
Vitaceae
Genus:
Vitis
Species:
V. vinifera
Binomial name
Vitis vinifera
L.
Vitis vinifera, the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran.[2] There are currently between 5,000 and 10,000 varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes though only a few are of commercial significance for wine and table grape production.[3]
The wild grape is often classified as Vitis viniferasylvestris (in some classifications considered Vitis sylvestris), with Vitis viniferavinifera restricted to cultivated forms. Domesticated vines have hermaphrodite flowers, but sylvestris is dioecious (male and female flowers on separate plants) and pollination is required for fruit to develop.
Grapes can be eaten fresh or dried to produce raisins, sultanas, and currants. Grape leaves are used in the cuisine of many cultures. The fresh grapes can also be processed into juice that is fermented to make wine and vinegar. Cultivars of Vitis vinifera form the basis of the majority of wines produced around the world. All of the familiar wine varieties belong to Vitis vinifera, which is cultivated on every continent except for Antarctica, and in all the major wine regions of the world.
^Participants of the FFI/IUCN SSC Central Asian regional tree Red Listing workshop, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (11-13 July 2006) (2007). "Vitis vinifera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2007: e.T63537A12687723. Retrieved 8 February 2024.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"Vitis vinifera". Euro+Med Plantbase Project. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007.
^Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality (Second Revised ed.). London: Wine & Spirits Education Trust. 2012. pp. 2–5. ISBN 978-1-905819-15-7.
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planet orbiting the Sun Vitisvinifera, the common grape vine This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Vinifera. If an internal link...
vitis, also known as grape erineum mite or blister mite, is a mite species in the genus Eriophyes infecting grape leaves (Vitisvinifera). E. vitis has...
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Francois Baco from a cross of Vitisvinifera var. Folle blanche, a French wine grape, and an unknown variety of Vitis riparia indigenous to North America...
homeland in favor of Vitis labrusca. A large proportion of modern European "PIWI" varieties categorized as Vitisvinifera contain 'Vitis rupestris' background...
Primitivo clone. Archaeological evidence indicates that domestication of Vitisvinifera occurred in the Caucasus region around 6000 BC, and winemaking was discovered...
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three varieties, Vitis rotundifolia Michx. var. rotundifolia (southeast USA), Vitis rotundifolia Michx. var. munsoniana (Florida), and Vitis rotundifolia...
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