Virial stress is a measure of mechanical stress on an atomic scale for homogeneous systems. The name is derived from the Latin word vis, meaning force: "Virial is then derived from Latin as well, stemming from the word virias (plural of vis) meaning forces."[1] The expression of the (local) virial stress can be derived as the functional derivative of the free energy of a molecular system with respect to the deformation tensor.[2]
^Wasalwar, Yash (May 23, 2023). "Spotlight: the Virial Theorem". Medium. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024.
^Morante, S., G. C. Rossi, and M. Testa. "The stress tensor of a molecular system: An exercise in statistical mechanics." The Journal of chemical physics 125.3 (2006): 034101, http://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.2214719.
Virialstress is a measure of mechanical stress on an atomic scale for homogeneous systems. The name is derived from the Latin word vis, meaning force:...
In statistical mechanics, the virial theorem provides a general equation that relates the average over time of the total kinetic energy of a stable system...
In astrophysics, the Chandrasekhar virial equations are a hierarchy of moment equations of the Euler equations, developed by the Indian American astrophysicist...
Earth can be calculated numerically as U = 2.49×1032 J. According to the virial theorem, the gravitational binding energy of a star is about two times its...
solvent, or the state of the polymer solution where the value of the second virial coefficient becomes 0, the intermolecular polymer-solvent repulsion balances...
_{k=2}^{\infty }\,(\rho _{r}/3)^{k}} This is the virial expansion for the van der Waals fluid. The first virial coefficient is the slope of Z ( ρ r , T r )...
the quark kinetic energy and potential energy cancel by the relativistic virial theorem. However, in the quantum case the symmetry is broken by a conformal...
his stress tensor 1851 - Léon Foucault shows the Earth's rotation with a huge pendulum (Foucault pendulum) 1870 - Rudolf Clausius deduces virial theorem...
a sphere (or a "corona") rather than a disk, and very hot (close to the virial temperature). Because of their low efficiency, ADAFs are much less luminous...
as a small parameter to construct a theory of real (nonideal) gases (see virial expansion). For crystalline solids, the reference state is a perfect crystalline...
Strength Correlators In QCD". arXiv:hep-lat/9808056. M. Neubert (1993). "A Virial Theorem for the Kinetic Energy of a Heavy Quark inside Hadrons". Physics...
stated the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy. In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem, which applied to heat....
must have a sufficiently low velocity to prevent it from escaping (see Virial theorem). If there is insufficient kinetic energy, however, the group may...
PMID 10042233. Tadokoro, M. (1968). "A Study of the Local Group by Use of the Virial Theorem". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 20: 230. Bibcode:1968PASJ...
bimodal AFM observables into material properties is based on applying the virial V i {\displaystyle V_{i}} and energy dissipation E d i s s {\displaystyle...
Gruden K., Štrukelj B., Ravnikar M., Herzog-Velikonja B. 2000. A putative virial resistance-connected protein isolated from potato cultivar Santé resistant...
Reviews of Modern Physics. doi:10.2172/291043. Ryutov, D. D. (2008). "On the Virial Theorem for Interstellar Medium". The Astrophysical Journal. 674 (2): 976–983...
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