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Quranism (Arabic: القرآنية, romanized: al-Qurʾāniyya) is an Islamic movement that holds the belief that the Quran is the only valid source of religious belief, guidance and law in Islam. Quranists believe that the Quran is clear, complete, and that it can be fully understood without recourse to the hadith and sunnah. Therefore, they use the Quran itself to interpret the Quran, an exegetical principle known as tafsir al-Qur'an bi al-Qur'an.
In matters of faith, jurisprudence, and legislation, Quranists differ from Sunnis, who consider the hadith, scholarly opinions, opinions attributed to the sahaba, ijma and qiyas, and Islam's legislative authority in matters of law and creed in addition to the Quran.[1][2] Each hadith-espousing sect of Islam has its own distinct collection of hadith upon which its followers rely, the differences in which are rejected by other sects despite these collections overlapping for the most part,[3] while the Quranists, who criticise the hadiths, reject all of the differing collections of hadith and have none of their own.[4][5][6] Unlike Hadith followers who believe that obedience to the Islamic prophet Muhammad means obedience to hadiths, Quranists believe that obedience to Muhammad means obedience to the Qur'an.[7][8] This methodological difference has led to considerable divergence between Quranists, and both Sunnis and Shias (the two largest sects in Islam) in matters of theology and law as well as the understanding of the Quran.[4][9]
Quranists date their beliefs back to the time of Muhammad, who they claim prohibited the writing of hadiths. As they believe that hadith, while not being reliable sources of religion, can be used as a reference to get an idea on historical events, they point out several narrations about early Islam to support their beliefs, including those attributed to caliph Umar (r. 634–644) and during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates. Notable figures who have promulgated Quranist beliefs include Chiragh Ali, Muhammad Tawfiq Sidqi, Ahmed Subhy Mansour, Maitatsine, Mohamed Talbi, Kassim Ahmad, Rashad Khalifa, Yaşar Nuri Öztürk, Edip Yuksel, and Hassan al-Maliki. There has been significant Quranist organisations in countries such as India, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Tunisia, and the United States. In the 21st century, Quranist rejection of the hadith has gained traction among modernist Muslims who want to throw out any hadith that contradicts the Qur'an.
- ^ John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). "Ahl al-Hadith". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-512558-0. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ^ Dorman, Emre (2021). 101 Soruda Kur'an: Dini Konularda En Çok Merak Edilen Sorular. ASIN 6050616450.
- ^ "Şia (Şiiler) hadis kitapları hakkında bilgi verir misiniz? Bizim hadis kaynaklarımızla onlarınki çok büyük farklılıklar gösteriyor; neden böyle farklılıklar var?. » Sorularla İslamiyet". Sorularla İslamiyet (in Turkish). 17 February 2007. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Hadis & Sünnet: Şeytani Bidatler". Teslimolanlar. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- ^ Öztürk, Yaşar Nuri (2015). İslam Nasıl Yozlaştırıldı: Vahyin Dininden Sapmalar, Hurafeler, Bid'atlar. ASIN 9756779306.
- ^ "Appendix 19, Hadith & Sunna: Satanic Innovations". www.masjidtucson.org. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ "DeRudKR - Kap. 27: Was bedeutet 'Gehorcht dem Gesandten'?". Alrahman (in German). 6 March 2006.
- ^ Dr Rashad Khalifa (2001), Quran, Hadith and Islam (in German), Dr. Rashad Khalifa Ph.D., retrieved 12 June 2021
- ^ Dorman, Emre (2016). Allah'a Öğretilen Din. ASIN 6056621227.